Your Health Today Choices in a Changing Society 7th Edition by Michael Teague – Test Bank

Your Health Today Choices in a Changing Society 7th Edition by Michael Teague – Test Bank

Your Health Today, 7e (Teague)
Chapter 7 Body Weight and Body Composition

1) Obesity is defined as having a body mass index of ________ or higher.
A) 25
B) 35
C) 30
D) 39

2) Overweight, a condition that is less serious than obesity, is defined as having an adult BMI between ________ and ________.
A) 30.0; 39.9
B) 18.5; 25.9
C) 30.0; 35.9
D) 25.0; 29.9

3) John weighs 242 pounds and has a body mass index of 28.5; John is considered
A) normal weight.
B) overweight.
C) obese.
D) Not enough information is provided.

4) All of the following indicate a healthy body weight EXCEPT
A) a weight within an acceptable range for one’s height.
B) a fat distribution that is not a risk factor for illness.
C) a weight within the common range for one’s age group.
D) the absence of medical conditions that suggest a need for weight loss.

5) The body mass index (BMI) is used mainly to
A) determine your overall physical condition.
B) assess how height correlates with weight.
C) estimate the health significance of your body weight.
D) determine your body fat percentage.

6) Of the following, who has a body fat percentage outside the range generally considered healthy?
A) Richard, a dentist, with 26 percent body fat
B) Abbey, a female college gymnast, with 22 percent body fat
C) Clarke, a male college soccer player, with 19 percent body fat
D) Caroline, a travel agent, with 24 percent body fat

7) Which of the following statements about body fat percentages is true?
A) Body fat percentage for women decreases during puberty.
B) Average body fat percentage does not differ by gender.
C) Some hormones cannot be produced when body fat falls below a certain threshold.
D) Ethnicity has no influence on body fat percentage.
8) All of the following are associated with low body fat levels EXCEPT
A) depression.
B) hair loss.
C) increased appetite.
D) infertility.

9) Which of the following statements about body fat distribution is true?
A) Fat carried on the hips and thighs is a disadvantage because it breaks down and enters the bloodstream more easily.
B) Women, after menopause, experience a shift in body fat from the hips and thighs to the abdomen.
C) Obese men tend to accumulate fat around the hips and thighs.
D) There is no association of abdominal fat distribution with diabetes.

10) Abdominal fat is considered a greater threat to health than hip-and-thigh fat because abdominal fat
A) squeezes the heart.
B) reduces lung capacity.
C) more easily enters the bloodstream.
D) causes lower back ailments that lead to inactivity.

11) Barbara is beginning to experience menopause; her fat distribution will most likely
A) remain unchanged.
B) become undifferentiated.
C) shift from her abdomen to her hips and thighs.
D) shift from her hips and thighs to her abdomen.

12) Obese people are ________ times as likely as healthy-weight people to die before reaching their expected life span.
A) two
B) four
C) eight
D) sixteen

13) Which of the following is true regarding the genetics of obesity?
A) Adopted children tend to be similar in weight to their adoptive parents.
B) The risk of becoming obese increases slightly if one’s parents are not obese.
C) Twin studies support a genetic tendency toward obesity.
D) For most people, obesity involves a single gene.

14) After puberty, a boy of healthy weight typically levels off at ________ percent body fat.
A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

15) Which of the following statements about weight in the different phases of life is true?
A) Childhood obesity is not a strong determinant for adult obesity.
B) Girls experience an increase in body fat during puberty.
C) Weight gained in early pregnancy always recedes following birth.
D) Middle age is often a time of weight maintenance.

16) The hormonal changes of puberty for females increase their body fat and prepares them for
A) muscle development.
B) menstruation.
C) childbearing.
D) a boost in height.

17) Of the following, the greatest influence on the growth of weight problems in America is
A) a weakening economy.
B) the growing availability of health information.
C) the growing availability and convenience of unhealthy foods.
D) the decreasing availability of whole grains and vegetables.

18) Surveys show that 25 percent of all trips in the United States are less than 1 mile, and yet ________ percent of these trips are taken by car.
A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 90

19) The thermic effect of food—the energy required to process the food one eats—is estimated at ________ percent of energy intake.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

20) To estimate one’s daily energy requirements, consider all of the following EXCEPT
A) energy spent on basal metabolic rate.
B) energy spent during sleep.
C) energy spent on physical activities.
D) the thermic effect of food.

21) Which of the following is true about BMR?
A) Physical activity only influences BMR by burning calories.
B) There is no way to change your BMR.
C) BMR is influenced by age, gender, and weight.
D) Between 50 and 75 percent of the calories consumed each day are used for physical activity.

22) For a person who is trying to lose weight, a weight loss of ________ pounds per week is a healthy goal.
A) 1 to 2
B) 2 to 4
C) 4 to 5
D) 5 to 7

23) To find a weight loss plan that offers the best chance of success, you should avoid plans that
A) claim to promote balanced nutrition.
B) will drastically change your eating patterns.
C) rely on physical activity to help you succeed.
D) focus on gradual instead of rapid weight loss.

24) A very-low-calorie diet (800 calories or less daily) is
A) always a hazard to health.
B) only recommended under a doctor’s supervision.
C) effective only until BMR adjusts within a few days.
D) not an accepted weight-loss approach.

25) How do the diet drugs lorcaserin and phentermine-topiramate help people lose weight?
A) They reduce food intake.
B) They reduce body fat absorption.
C) They reduce food absorption.
D) They reduce the body’s caloric need.

26) Sheriz has started taking an over-the-counter drug to increase his basal metabolic rate, but he has experienced dizziness, shakiness, and sleep difficulties. What drug is Sheriz most likely reacting to?
A) orlistat, an appetite suppressant
B) Ritalin, a methylphenidate
C) Prozac, an antidepressant
D) caffeine, a stimulant

27) ________ works in the intestines to block the absorption of fat.
A) Phentermine
B) Orlistat
C) Prozac
D) Sibutramine

28) A major premise of the size acceptance movement is that
A) there is no proven connection between body weight and wellness.
B) the weight loss industry is exploitative and unhealthy.
C) there is no ideal body shape.
D) most obesity research is biased.

29) For individuals, achieving a healthy body weight for life depends mainly on
A) lifestyle.
B) environment.
C) economic status.
D) access to health care.

30) Every person has an ideal weight, a set point of healthy weight.

31) It is impossible to determine with weight information alone whether an individual is at a healthy weight, underweight, overweight, or obese.

32) The healthiest body mass index, or BMI, is between 15 and 18.

33) A body fat percentage below a healthy range can cause health problems such as infertility, depression, and lack of menstruation.

34) The lower healthy range of body fat is 5-10 percent for male athletes and 15-20 percent for female athletes.

35) Hormones cannot be produced when the body falls below a certain body fat threshold.

36) Obese men tend to accumulate fat in their hips and thighs, while obese women tend to accumulate fat in their abdomens.

37) Approximately 80 percent of U.S. youth with Type-2 diabetes are obese.

38) If both of a person’s parents are obese, he or she still has only a 10 percent higher chance of becoming obese than a person with parents who are both not obese.

39) Men and women have similar patterns of weight gain over the course of their lifetimes.

40) Married men tend to weigh more than men who have never been married.

41) After age 50, men tend to see an increase in abdominal fat.

42) Some studies have shown that if an individual’s friends gain weight, that individual is more likely to gain weight.

43) 40 percent of women gain excessive weight during pregnancy, increasing the risk of obesity in later life.

44) Food served in restaurants and fast food outlets tends to be higher in fat and total calories than food prepared at home.

45) Studies have found an association between television watching and overweight in children, youth, and adults.
46) Most people who begin diets that drastically alter their eating patterns go off the diet and return to their previous eating patterns.

47) Chronic stress can increase the amount of fat that is deposited in the abdomen.

48) High-fat foods have a greater thermic effect than high-carbohydrate foods.

49) Very-low-calorie diets are reserved only for patients with high health risks due to obesity; they involve an intake of 800 or fewer calories each day.

50) Very-low-calorie diets are used for people with BMIs greater than 30 who are highly motivated but have not had success with more conservative plans.

51) Many of the diet drugs currently available and approved by the FDA can ensure permanent weight loss.

52) Orlistat, a fat-blocker, results in an average weight loss of 15 pounds or more.

53) There are currently three classes of drugs commonly prescribed for weight loss: those that act in the brain to reduce food intake; those that act in the body to reduce fat absorption; and those that directly attack and reduce fat deposits in the body.

54) Surgery should be considered for patients with a BMI of 40 or greater.

55) The primary cause of obesity for a majority of people is a single gene that affects body fat.

56) A person who is genetically predisposed to be obese cannot improve his or her overall health through moderate lifestyle changes.

57) The U.S. surgeon general has asked that all schools reduce junk food and promote healthy, balanced meals.

58) Self-acceptance of body size is one component of living a healthier lifestyle.

59) Defined as a body mass index of 30 or more, ________ is body weight that greatly exceeds the recommended guidelines for good health.

60) Measuring body weight in relationship to height, a body mass ________ uses the unit kilograms (of body weight) per square meter (body height squared).

61) Body weight that exceeds the recommended guidelines for good health, or a body mass index of 25 or more and below 30, is considered ________.

62) An underweight individual will have a BMI that is less than ________.

63) These are several different ways to measure body fat. The method that involves measuring the thickness of skin and fat is referred to as ________ measurement, or caliper testing.

64) The body fat measurement technique in which an individual is weighed underwater is ________.

65) The body fat measurement technique in which an electrical current is directed through the body is bioelectrical ________.

66) An unhealthy waist circumference for a woman would be one that is greater than ________ inches. (Use numerals for the number instead of spelling it out.)

67) ________ is a disease in which the levels of glucose circulating in the bloodstream are too high, setting the stage for health complications.

68) Girls increase their body fat percentage due to hormonal changes during ________.

69) Abdominal fat (also called ________ fat) is a disadvantage because it breaks down more easily and enters the bloodstream more readily.

70) The “yo-yo dieting” effect of repeated cycles in which a person loses weight only to be followed by new gain in weight is referred to as ________.

71) The rate at which the body uses energy for basic life functions is called the ________ rate.

72) The relationship between caloric intake (in the form of food) and output (in the form of metabolism and activity) is ________.

73) A pound of body fat stores about ________ calories.

74) The ________ of food is an estimate of the energy required to process the food one eats. This energy is used in chewing and digesting the food one eats, and in absorbing, transporting, metabolizing, and storing the energy and nutrients one gets from food.

75) Every year, “new and improved” ________ diets seduce consumers, despite the fact that their safety and effectiveness are often unproven.

76) Obesity is a(n) ________ disorder in which multiple genes may predispose toward obesity but interactions with the environment determine outcome.

77) Disorders of the ________, which is located in the neck and produces a hormone that is involved in metabolism, can be associated with weight gain or loss.

78) The size acceptance movement, often referred to as the “________ movement,” focuses on how people can be healthy at any size.

79) Individuals with a BMI of 40 or greater and a history of failed medical treatments for obesity may have the option to undergo ________ surgery.

80) The ________ movement aims to decrease negative body image thoughts while encouraging self-acceptance and healthy eating patterns.

81) A(n) ________ environment makes it easier to eat unhealthily and avoid physical activity, therefore increasing the likelihood of obesity.

82) One strategy behind behavior management techniques for changing eating and activity patterns is ________—that is, detecting and responding to environmental cues associated with unhealthy eating habits and physical inactivity.

83) Recognizing obesity as a chronic degenerative condition may help individuals, health insurance companies, and health care providers move away from the current “________” mentality.