Understanding Nursing Research Building An Evidence-Based Practice 6th Edition by Susan K. Grove-Jennifer R. Gray -Nancy Burns -Test bank

Understanding Nursing Research Building An Evidence-Based Practice 6th Edition by Susan K. Grove-Jennifer R. Gray -Nancy Burns -Test bank

Chapter 06: Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review
Grove: Understanding Nursing Research, 6th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. One reason for conducting a review of the literature other than for purposes of developing a research study is to:
a. determine the expertise of researchers in the field of study.
b. identify current theoretical frameworks.
c. implement evidence-based practice guidelines.
d. work in a Magnet-certified hospital setting.

ANS: C

Feedback
A Evaluation of the expertise of researchers and identification of theoretical frameworks are part of literature reviews but are not the reason for conducting them.
B Evaluation of the expertise of researchers and identification of theoretical frameworks are part of literature reviews but are not the reason for conducting them.
C Although a literature reviews are commonly associated with development of research studies, they are also conducted when developing projects to establish evidence-based-practice (EBP).
D Nurses in Magnet hospitals often participate in EBP projects and will conduct literature reviews for these, but not solely to be able to work in these institutions.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 163

2. What is the purpose of a limited research review?
a. To allow the reader to become familiar with the research problem
b. To develop an initial pilot study prior to a more in-depth study
c. To direct the planning and execution of a study
d. To identify studies published after a study is performed

ANS: D

Feedback
A A full literature review allows the reader to become familiar with the research problem and is performed prior to a pilot or a full study.
B The full literature review directs the planning and execution of the study.
C The full literature review directs the planning and execution of the study.
D A limited research review is often conducted after an initial literature review in order to describe any studies performed after the study has been performed. The results of both the original literature review and the limited literature review are included in the report.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
REF: p. 163

3. A reviewer reading a proposal for a qualitative research study notes that the author has not included a literature review. The reviewer understands that a literature review may have been omitted in this case because:
a. it is not necessary to conduct a literature review for qualitative research.
b. qualitative research is conducted to study areas where there is no previous knowledge.
c. some researchers feel that previous studies may bias data collection in qualitative studies.
d. the researcher was not adequately prepared to conduct this research study.

ANS: C

Feedback
A A literature review can be helpful in qualitative research and should be performed if possible.
B This is true of some but not all qualitative methods (for example grounded theory); however, it is not true of all qualitative designs.
C Many times literature reviews are omitted from qualitative research to avoid causing expectations that might bias findings, data collection, and data analysis.
D At times, there is little or no previous research on the topic, but not always.
Omission of a literature review in qualitative research does not indicate that the researcher is ill-prepared.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 164

4. Which type of study is least likely to include a review of the literature prior to initiating the study?
a. Grounded theory
b. Phenomenological
c. Qualitative
d. Quantitative

ANS: B

Feedback
A Grounded theory researchers may have a limited review of relevant studies in order to make the researcher aware of what studies have been conducted and that a research problem exists.
B Phenomenological researchers are most likely to delay literature review until after a study is completed in order to avoid bias.
C Qualitative and quantitative research will involve literature reviews, although these may be less substantial in qualitative studies.
D Qualitative and quantitative research will involve literature reviews, although these may be less substantial in qualitative studies.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
REF: p. 164

5. What is the main purpose of a literature review in grounded theory research?
a. To explain, extend, and support the framework used for the study
b. To identify gaps in current knowledge about the research topic
c. To place research findings in context of what is already known.
d. To support the need to study the selected research topic

ANS: A

Feedback
A In grounded theory research, the researcher uses the literature review primarily to explain, support, and extend the framework used in the study, and not to direct data collection or study methods. It is usually completed at the end of the analysis rather than before the proposal development
B The literature review in quantitative studies is designed to identify gaps in knowledge.
C Phenomenological literature reviews are conducted to place research findings in the context of what is already known.
D Because the literature review for grounded theory research is generally conducted at the end of the analysis, it is not used to support the need for studying the topic, but to summarize what is known.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
REF: p. 164

6. Why might Wikipedia be a questionable reference for a study citation?
a. It does not contain factual information.
b. It does not provide ideas for other resources.
c. It is an online resource..
d. It is an open, editable format.

ANS: D

Feedback
A Wikipedia may contain factual information, but this is not reliable.
B Wikipedia may provide ideas for other resources.
C Wikipedia is an online resource, but that fact does not exclude it from being used.
D Wikipedia is an open, editable format; the information may not always be accurate because it is not peer reviewed and scientifically based.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
REF: p. 166

7. Which source of information is rarely cited in academic publications?
a. Conference proceedings
b. Dissertation or thesis
c. Encyclopedia
d. Textbooks

ANS: C

Feedback
A Conference proceedings, dissertations or theses, and textbooks may all be cited.
B Conference proceedings, dissertations or theses, and textbooks may all be cited.
C Encyclopedias tend to provide background information and some information leading to other resources, but generally not scholarly or primary source information.
D Conference proceedings, dissertations or theses, and textbooks may all be cited.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
REF: p. 166

8. When determining the reliability of a website resource in a literature review, it is important to determine:
a. accessibility of the website information.
b. costs of retrieving website information.
c. sponsorship of website information.
d. whether website information is also published conventionally.

ANS: C

Feedback
A Accessibility, cost, and conventional publication of website information are not determinants of reliability of website information.
B Accessibility, cost, and conventional publication of website information are not determinants of reliability of website information.
C Not all websites are valid and appropriate for citation in a literature review. Those that are sponsored by companies that sell certain products under study may not be appropriate resources because their information may be biased.
D Accessibility, cost, and conventional publication of website information are not determinants of reliability of website information.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 166

9. A review of empirical literature will yield information obtained from:
a. concept analyses.
b. descriptions of models and frameworks.
c. research studies.
d. theories.

ANS: C

Feedback
A Theoretical literature includes concept analyses, models, theories, and conceptual frameworks.
B Theoretical literature includes concept analyses, models, theories, and conceptual frameworks.
C Empirical literature refers to knowledge derived from research and is based on data from research.
D Theoretical literature includes concept analyses, models, theories, and conceptual frameworks.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
REF: p. 166

10. What is an important limitation of secondary sources in literature reviews?
a. The authors do not have high levels of expertise.
b. They are usually not peer-reviewed sources.
c. They do not contain unique or original information.
d. They may contain misinterpreted information.

ANS: D

Feedback
A Authors of secondary sources have similar levels of expertise as those of primary sources.
B Secondary sources may contain original information as authors synthesize and analyze findings from primary sources.
C Secondary sources are usually peer reviewed.
D A secondary source summarizes or quotes content from primary sources. Because authors of secondary sources paraphrase the works of researchers and theorists and interpret what the primary author wrote, this information may be misinterpreted.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 166

11. When reviewing articles in a peer-reviewed publication, the reader is assured that the articles are:
a. landmark studies.
b. primary sources.
c. seminal studies.
d. trustworthy sources.

ANS: D

Feedback
A Landmark studies, primary sources, and seminal studies are included in peer-reviewed literature, but may also appear in literature that is not peer reviewed.
B Landmark studies, primary sources, and seminal studies are included in peer-reviewed literature, but may also appear in literature that is not peer reviewed.
C Landmark studies, primary sources, and seminal studies are included in peer-reviewed literature, but may also appear in literature that is not peer reviewed.
D Research reports detailing study events, including results and analysis of findings included in refereed professional journals, are considered one of the most credible types of evidence and are typically considered one of the most useful sources for researchers as they conduct a literature review for a current study. Articles found in refereed journals have been evaluated in an anonymous process by unbiased reviewers and received favorable review, not only for the integrity of the research itself, but because the topic of interest has been deemed significant to the profession.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
REF: p. 166

12. For a study to be considered current, it should be published within the last:
a. year.
b. 2 years.
c. 5 years.
d. 10 years.

ANS: C

Feedback
A This is not a correct statement.
B This is not a correct statement.
C Current sources are those published within 5 years before publication of the manuscript.
D This is not a correct statement.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Remembering (Knowledge)
REF: p. 166

13. Some studies cited in a literature review may be decades old. The researcher may decide to use studies from this far back because these studies:
a. are groundbreaking or landmark studies.
b. are particularly well-written studies.
c. are peer-reviewed, relevant studies.
d. are still considered current studies.

ANS: A

Feedback
A Studies that are groundbreaking or landmark studies are those that were significant to the development of knowledge on the topic being reviewed. In this case, it is appropriate to cite these studies, even if they are very old.
B Well-written, peer reviewed studies that are not current are generally not used in a literature review.
C Well-written, peer reviewed studies that are not current are generally not used in a literature review.
D Studies that are decades old, however well-written and relevant, are not current studies, but are used for historical or seminal context.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Understanding (Comprehension)
REF: p. 166

14. A researcher conducts a study using dependent and independent variables used in a previous study but uses a different population of subjects. What type of study is this?
a. Landmark
b. Pilot
c. Replication
d. Seminal

ANS: C

Feedback
A A landmark study is one that generates knowledge that influences a discipline and sometimes society as a whole. Landmark studies are often replicated.
B A pilot study is a study using a small sample size to develop the study methods and tools and is later replicated on a larger scale.
C A replication study is a reproduction or repetition of a study that a researcher conducts to determine whether the findings of the original study can be consistently found in different settings with different subjects.
D A seminal study is the first study on a particular topic that signals a new way of thinking about the topic. These studies are often replicated.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 166

15. A nurse appraising a research article should perform which action in order to critically evaluate the literature review?
a. Locate and review sources and abstracts listed in the research article
b. Note the number of data-based and theoretical sources cited in the reference list
c. Perform a meta-analysis or meta-synthesis on the cited references
d. Search the literature to determine whether other relevant sources exist

ANS: B

Feedback
A Locating and reviewing all abstracts would be too time consuming and may not be possible.
B Because it would be very time consuming to search the literature and determine whether the listed sources are relevant, the reviewer should review the reference list and determine the focus of the sources, the number of data-based and theoretical sources cited, and where and when the sources were published.
C Meta-analysis and meta-synthesis are not done when critically appraising a literature review. These techniques are used to perform an in-depth analysis of studies already cited in the literature.
D It is not necessary at this point to search the literature to determine other relevant sources.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: pp. 168-169

16. When appraising a literature review, one aspect of determining the breadth of the review is:
a. whether the review provides direction for the proposed study.
b. the number and percentages of sources from the past 5 to 10 years.
c. whether landmark or seminal studies have been used.
d. the disciplines of the study authors and journals cited in the review.

ANS: D

Feedback
A An assessment of whether the literature review provides direction for the study does not specifically evaluate the breadth of the literature review.
B The currency of the literature review is evaluated by noting the number of sources more than 5 to 10 years old as well as whether landmark or seminal studies are cited.
C The currency of the literature review is evaluated by noting the number of sources more than 5 to 10 years old as well as whether landmark or seminal studies are cited.
D When assessing the breadth of a literature review, the reviewer should identify the disciplines of the authors cited and the journals in which they published their studies.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: pp. 168-169

17. An initial step when preparing to conduct a literature review is to:
a. choose the types of sources to use.
b. clarify the purpose of the review.
c. determine how many articles to review.
d. select electronic data bases and keywords.

ANS: B

Feedback
A The types of sources and the number of articles to review depend on the purpose of the review.
B Because the approach will vary according to the purpose of the review, the first step in conducting a literature review is to identify the purpose of the review.
C Once the purpose of the review is established and the author has an idea about the type and number of sources, the electronic databases and keywords are selected.
D Once the purpose of the review is established and the author has an idea about the type and number of sources, the electronic databases and keywords are selected.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 176

18. When conducting a literature review for a thesis or dissertation and deciding how far back in the available literature to search, what will the student do?
a. Ask the instructor to specify necessary publication years for articles cited.
b. Base the decision on the number of articles necessary for the assigned task.
c. Locate any seminal or landmark studies on the topic of research.
d. Look for sources no older than 10 years prior.

ANS: C

Feedback
A The breadth and currency of the literature review should be based on the topic and the purpose of the research and not on an assigned number or a particular number of years.
B The breadth and currency of the literature review should be based on the topic and the purpose of the research and not on an assigned number or a particular number of years.
C When beginning a thesis or dissertation, the graduate student should look for seminal or landmark studies as a place to begin a literature review.
D The breadth and currency of the literature review should be based on the topic and the purpose of the research and not on an assigned number or a particular number of years.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 176

19. When developing evidence-based-practice guidelines, if a researcher wishes to identify studies that evaluate a specific intervention in quantitative research, the literature review should include:
a. grounded theory research.
b. only current research from the last 5 years.
c. replication studies and meta-analyses.
d. seminal and landmark studies about the topic.

ANS: C

Feedback
A Grounded theory research is performed to test theory.
B While current research is desired, researchers may review older studies, particularly if they are seminal or landmark studies, although these are not necessary for this type of literature review.
C To synthesize evidence related to a practice problem and to evaluate a specific intervention in quantitative research, replication studies, meta-analyses, and meta-syntheses are used.
D While current research is desired, researchers may review older studies, particularly if they are seminal or landmark studies, although these are not necessary for this type of literature review.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 176

20. In the following APA-formatted reference, what is indicated by the italicized words?
Maxwell, S. E., & Delaney, H. D. (2004). Designing experiments and analyzing data: A model comparison perspective (2nd ed.). Mahway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
a. Abstract information
b. Article title
c. Book title
d. Publishing company

ANS: C

Feedback
A The abstract information is not included in a reference citation.
B An article title is italicized if the citation is from a journal.
C When citing a book, the title is italicized.
D The publishing company information is listed last.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 184

21. A step just prior to beginning a literature search using an electronic database is to:
a. decide how many articles are needed.
b. determine the type of study.
c. identify keywords for the search.
d. perform a Google search.

ANS: C

Feedback
A The number of articles needed for a literature review depends on the content of the articles and will not be known ahead of time.
B The study type is not typically determined just prior to an electronic search.
C To narrow the number of articles in a search and refine the search to more relevant articles, identifying keywords is necessary.
D A Google search may or may not be helpful for leading a researcher to other articles, but it is not a scientific database.

PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive level: Applying (Application)
REF: p. 176