The American System of Criminal Justice 15th Edition by George F. Cole – Test Bank

The American System of Criminal Justice 15th Edition by George F. Cole – Test Bank

True / False

1. ​Throughout the history of the United States, ideas about punishment have remained roughly the same.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

2. ​Prior to 1800, Americans copied Europeans by using physical punishment such as flogging.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

3. ​The Quakers of Pennsylvania were instrumental in prison reform.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

4. ​A basic principle of the Pennsylvania System was an emphasis upon the social interaction among prisoners.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

5. ​Under the New York System, prisoners produced goods for sale to cover operating costs.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

6. ​Prior to the 19th century, female prisoners were treated no differently than male prisoners.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

7. ​The rehabilitation model of corrections involved recommendations regarding behavior changes from social scientists.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

8. ​Correctional goals and methods are never influenced by social and political values.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

9. ​The federal government provides all of the funding for American prisons.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

10. ​All states run their prisons in an identical manner.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

11. ​Almost one-half of the incarcerated population is comprised of women.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Organization of Correction in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

12. ​About half of incarcerated persons are men.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

13. ​Private prisons are a billion-dollar industry.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

14. ​Private prisons are believed to have lower operating costs than state prisons.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

15. ​Private prisons are less flexible than state prisons.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

16. ​There is no “real difference” between jails and prisons.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

17. ​Jails house persons awaiting trial, or who have been sentenced to less than 1 year of incarceration.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

18. ​Jails are operated locally by elected officials.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

19. ​Jails are typically populated with poorly educated and low-income people.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

20. ​Jails are predominately filled with women.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

21. ​Throughout most of the 20th century, the number of persons incarcerated either declined or remained stable.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

22. ​The states in the northeast part of the United States have shown the largest increase in prison populations.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

23. ​One explanation for the increase in the incarceration rate in the 1990s was the increase in the number of arrests.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

24. ​The War on Drugs has drastically reduced drug use.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

25. ​With the incarcerated population more than quadrupling during the past 30 years, it is surprising that the number of parolees has decreased.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

26. ​Parolees have a limited right to an attorney than do probationers.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

27. ​Police do not need to show reasonable suspicion to search a parolee.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

28. ​In recent years the Supreme Court has been even more supportive of expanding prisoners’ rights.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

29. ​Courts have required decent treatment and minimum health standards for prisoners, making it unconstitutional for officials to show deliberate indifference.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

30. ​It is not permissible for prison officials to place a ban on mail correspondence between prisoners in different facilities.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

31. ​Cooper v. Pate (1964) signaled the end of the “hands-off” policy.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

32. ​After the 1960s, most courts maintained a “hands-off” policy with respect to corrections.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

33. The Declaration of Principles urged that prisons should operate according to a philosophy of inmate punishment.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

Multiple Choice

34. ​The period of history when philosophers and reformers challenged the prison tradition with new ideas about the individual, limits of government, and rationalism was called the

a.

​Enlightenment.

b.

​Renaissance.

c.

​Civil War.

d.

​Reconstruction.

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

35. ​Which of the following signaled a new round of reform in prisons by focusing on the goal of punishment as the moral regeneration of criminals?

a.

​Cincinnati Declaration of Principles

b.

​Declaration of Independence

c.

​New York Declaration of Prisons

d.

​Pennsylvania Declaration of Penology

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

36. ​Where in the United States were the first penitentiaries located?

a.

​New Jersey and Pennsylvania

b.

​New York and New Jersey

c.

​New York and Pennsylvania

d.

​Nevada and Pennsylvania

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

The Goals of Punishment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

37. The penitentiary system that developed in ________kept inmates in isolation from other inmates.

a.

​Boston, Massachusetts,

b.

​Pennsylvania,

c.

​Elmira, New York,

d.

​Virginia,

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

38. ​What system held prisoners in isolation at night and made them work with fellow prisoners in shops during the day?

a.

​Medical

b.

​Congregate

c.

​Separate confinement

d.

​Crime control

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

The Goals of Punishment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

39. ​During the 19th century, which of the following was not a principle that guided female prison reform?

a.

​The separation of women prisoners from men

b.

​The provision of care in keeping with the needs of women

c.

​The management of women’s prisons by female staff

d.

​Making female prisons decidedly “female institutions”

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

The Goals of Punishment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

40. ​A model that was based on the assumption that the goal of corrections should be to reintegrate the offender into the community is referred to as the ________ model.

a.

​congregate

b.

​medical

c.

​rehabilitation

d.

​community corrections

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

The Goals of Punishment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

41. ​Which model makes greater use of incarceration, longer sentences, mandatory sentences, and strict supervision of probationers and parolees?

a.

​Congregate model

b.

​Medical model

c.

​Rehabilitation model

d.

​Crime control model

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

The Goals of Punishment

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

42. ​Correctional programs are operated by which level of government?

a.

​Federal only

b.

​Federal and state only

c.

State and county only

d.

​Federal, state, and county

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

43. ​Which of the following is true in comparing federal prisoners with state prisoners?

a.

​Federal prisoners are more often violent offenders.

b.

​Federal prisoners are convicted for the same types of crimes as state prisoners.

c.

​Federal prisoners are less likely to be foreigners.

d.

​Federal prisoners disproportionately comprise drug offenders.

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

44. ​Which of the following best describes the organization of corrections in the United States?

a.

​Centralized

b.

​Fragmented

c.

​Unified

d.

​Nationalized

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

45. ​At the federal level, probation officers are appointed by which of the following?

a.

​President

b.

​Congress

c.

​Federal judiciary

d.

​Attorney General

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

46. ​The organization of corrections in the United States leaves the primary responsibility for administering prisons with the

a.

​states.

b.

​United Nations.

c.

​regional governing associations.

d.

​towns.

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

47. ​In all states, the administration of prisons is

a.

​part of the executive branch.

b.

​part of the legislative branch.

c.

​part of the judicial branch.

d.

​jointly run by executive and international branches.

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

48. ​The central idea of the community corrections approach is the _____ restrictive alternative.

a.

​most

b.

​least

c.

​average

d.

​“supermax”

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

49. ​State correctional facilities are classified according to the

a.

​size of the prison population.

b.

​level of security.

c.

​race of the prisoners.

d.

​geographic characteristics of the area.

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

50. ​Which of the following is true about privately run prisons?

a.

​Private prisons are regarded as more costly.

b.

​Private prisons are regarded as unreliable.

c.

​The profit incentive can interfere with the quality of service.

d.

​Private prisons do not have to comply with the standards of federal agencies.

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

51. ​Jails are administered locally by

a.

​private citizens who volunteer.

b.

​appointed civil servants.

c.

​elected officials.

d.

​off-duty police officers.

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

52. ​The primary function of jails is to

a.

​hold persons for less than 1 year.

b.

​hold persons for more than 1 year.

c.

​hold persons for more than 5 years.

d.

​avoid the stigma of prison.

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

53. ​What type of policy did federal courts generally maintain with respect to rights of prisoners prior to the 1960s?

a.

​“Hands-on”—active intervention for many rights

b.

​“Hands-off”—rarely recognize any rights for prisoners

c.

​Intervention for freedom of speech only

d.

​Intervention to prevent unreasonable searches only

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

54. ​For which claimed freedom or right have prisoners been least successful in persuading federal courts to provide protection?

a.

​Freedom of speech

b.

​Freedom of religion

c.

​Right against unreasonable search and seizure

d.

​Right against cruel and unusual punishment

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

55. ​In which case did the Supreme Court rule that police do not need to show reasonable suspicion to search a parolee?

a.

​Monell v. Department of Social Services for the City of New York (1978)

b.

​Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)

c.

​Samson v. California (2006)

d.

​Cooper v. Pate (1964)

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

56. ​Prisoners in _____ typically spend up to 23 hours per day in their cells.

a.

​maximum security

b.

​supermaximum security

c.

​minimum security

d.

​boot camps

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

57. ​Prisoners’ right to due process requires that they

a.

​be allowed to conduct religious services.

b.

​be given food and medical care.

c.

​have access to television and recreation.

d.

​have hearings when charged with serious disciplinary infractions.

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.03 – Discuss the law of corrections and how it is applied to offenders and correctional personnel

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

58. ​The Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause has been a source of protection against discrimination applied to prisoners based on all of the following except:

a.

​race.

b.

​gender.

c.

​religion.

d.

sexual orientation.

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

The Law of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.04 – Describe the direction of community corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

59. ​Which of the following is true concerning prison rates in Europe compared with rates in the United States?

a.

​Europe and the United States have similar incarceration rates.

b.

​Europe has a higher incarceration rate.

c.

​The United States has a higher incarceration rate.

d.

​Europe and the United States have identical incarceration rates.

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

60. ​Which of the following factors is not among the plausible explanations presented by Cole and Smith for the growth in the prison population?

a.

​Tougher sentencing

b.

​Prison construction

c.

​The War on Drugs

d.

​The dramatic increase in the crime rate over the past two decades

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

61. ​Which of the following are not subject to deportation if arrested?

a.

​Illegal immigrants

b.

​Sentenced illegal immigrants

c.

​Sentenced legal immigrants

d.

​The dependents of illegal immigrants

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

62. ​In 1982, President Ronald Reagan’s declaration against drugs was referred to as the

a.

​“Attack on Drugs”

b.

​“War on Drugs”

c.

​“Battle against Drugs”

d.

​“Crusade against Drugs”

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

63. ​Which of the following is true concerning crime rates and the prison population since 1991?

a.

​Crime rates and the prison population are both declining.

b.

​Crime rates and the prison population are both increasing.

c.

​Crime rates and the prison population are both stable.

d.

​Crime rates are decreasing and the prison population is increasing.

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Correctional Policy Trends

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.05 – Explain why the prison population has more than quadrupled in the last three decades

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

64. ​A ____ is an institution intended to punish criminals by isolating them from society and from one another so they can reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and reform.

a.

​jail

b.

​penitentiary

c.

​reformatory

d.

​dormitory

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

65. ​Under the ______ system, inmates were “loaned” to contractors who provided the prisoners with food and clothing in exchange for their labor.

a.

​lease

b.

​contract labor

c.

​exchange

d.

​”Good Samaritan”

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

66. ​Which of the following is not a principle of the separate confinement system?

a.

​Prisoners would not be treated vengefully but should be convinced that
through hard and selective forms of suffering they could change their lives.

b.

​Solitary confinement would prevent further corruption inside prison.

c.

​Solitary confinement is expensive.

d.

​In isolation, offenders would reflect on their transgressions and repent.

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Development of Corrections

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.01 – Describe how the American system of corrections has developed

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

67. ​The __________ is responsible for the punishment of federal offenders.

a.

​Federal Bureau of Incarceration

b.

​Federal Bureau of Prisons

c.

​Federal Bureau of Preventative Crime

d.

​Federal Bureau of Crime Displacement

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

68. ​_____ and high levels of violence are the hallmarks of many jails.

a.

​Murder

b.

​Suicide

c.

​Theft

d.

​Gangs

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

69. ​The Bureau of Prisons enters into contractual agreements with cities to provide which of the following services?

a.

​Halfway houses

b.

​Prerelease programs

c.

​Electronic monitoring

d.

​All of the above

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

70. ​With an estimated 13 million admissions and releases per year, more people directly experience _____ than experience prisons, mental hospitals, and halfway houses combined.

a.

​boot camps

b.

​parole

c.

​probation

d.

​jails

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Jails: Detention and Short-Term Incarceration

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Remember

​Javier was recently tried and convicted of trafficking cocaine across state lines. He was sentenced to a mandatory 10-year prison sentence. Javier is a citizen of Mexico; however, he has been living in the United States for the last several years with his wife and two young children. Javier is serving his sentence in a single cell with little to no contact throughout the day. The warden seems to believe in old-style punishment.

71. ​Because Javier is not a legal citizen of the United States, he would be considered a(n)

a.

​deported noncitizen.

b.

​documented worker.

c.

​undocumented worker.

d.

​citizen in wait.

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Organization of Corrections in the United States

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

ASCJ.COLE.17.13.02 – Analyze the roles federal, state, and local government play in corrections

KEYWORDS:

Bloom’s: Understand