Test Bank Nutrition for Health and Healthcare 6th Edition DeBruyne Pinna

Test Bank Nutrition for Health and Healthcare 6th Edition DeBruyne Pinna

True / False

1. Bioavailability refers to the rate and extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 8.1 The Vitamins- An Overview
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.1 – Describe how vitamins differ from the energy nutrients and how fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

2. Vitamin A deficiency results in rickets disease in children.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

3. Beriberi is also called the thiamin-deficiency disease.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
REFERENCES: 8.3 The Water-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.3 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

Multiple Choice

4. The rate and extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body is called:
a. vitamin efficiency.

b. bioavailability.

c. fortification.

d. vitamin equivalency.

e. enzymatic destruction.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.1 The Vitamins- An Overview
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.1 – Describe how vitamins differ from the energy nutrients and how fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

5. Which of the following would not be considered a fat-soluble vitamin?
a. vitamin A
b. vitamin C
c. vitamin D
d. vitamin E
e. vitamin K
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.1 The Vitamins- An Overview
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.1 – Describe how vitamins differ from the energy nutrients and how fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

6. It is not absolutely necessary to consume the fat-soluble vitamins every day because they:
a. would just be excreted from the body.
b. are only absorbed in limited amounts.
c. can be stored in the body for future use.
d. would reach toxic amounts in the body.
e. cannot be absorbed every day.

ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

7. Overconsumption of the fat-soluble vitamins results in:
a. accumulation, which aids in the prevention of colds and infections.
b. no ill effects because they are excreted.

c. possible toxicity, due to an accumulation in the body.

d. weight gain due to increased fat intake.

e. deficiency of water-soluble vitamins.

ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

8. The fat-soluble vitamins:
a. are less stable than the water-soluble vitamins.
b. are first absorbed into the lymph.

c. are usually constituents of coenzymes.

d. are not essential.

e. are needed in frequent doses.

ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.1 The Vitamins- An Overview
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.1 – Describe how vitamins differ from the energy nutrients and how fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

9. Which of the following statements about fat-soluble vitamins would you be least likely to tell your client?
a. They are readily excreted from the body when consumed in excess.
b. They must be bound to proteins to travel in the blood.

c. They may be consumed less frequently than the water-soluble vitamins.
d. They may accumulate to toxic levels in the body.

e. Toxicity is more likely to occur from supplements rather than food.
ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 8.1 The Vitamins- An Overview
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.1 – Describe how vitamins differ from the energy nutrients and how fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

10. How are vitamins similar to carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?
a. typical roles in the body

b. organic nature

c. chemical structure

d. amounts required in the diet
e. rate of absorption

ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.1 The Vitamins- An Overview
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.1 – Describe how vitamins differ from the energy nutrients and how fat-soluble vitamins differ from water-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

11. The active form of vitamin A for vision is:
a. opsin.

b. retinoic acid.

c. retinal.

d. rhodopsin.

e. retinol-binding protein.
ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

12. Which form of vitamin A is involved in gene expression?
a. retinoic acid

b. retinol

c. retinal

d. retinol-binding protein
e. opsin

ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

13. A dietary deficiency of vitamin A can produce:
a. rickets.

b. night blindness.

c. a prolonged blood-clotting time.
d. sensitivity to light.

e. birth defects.

ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

14. Vitamin A plays a role in cell differentiation. What does this mean?
a. It helps cells differentiate between the vitamins.

b. It allows cells to mature so they can perform their intended functions.
c. It promotes the storage of fat-soluble vitamins.

d. It aids in differentiating between fat- and water-soluble vitamins.

e. It causes abnormal fetal development and birth defects.

ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

15. In which of the following is vitamin A least likely to be involved?
a. maintaining healthy epithelial tissues.

b. maintaining healthy eye tissues.

c. fighting infection.

d. releasing energy from the energy-yielding nutrients.
e. sperm development

ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

16. Beta-carotene prevents which of the following from damaging cells?
a. free radicals
b. antioxidants
c. blood clots

d. vitamin E

e. calciferol

ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

17. Which of the following is a major cause of childhood blindness worldwide?
a. vitamin C deficiency

b. riboflavin deficiency

c. pantothenic acid deficiency
d. vitamin A deficiency

e. rickets disease

ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

18. Many of the symptoms of vitamin A deficiency, such as blindness and an increase in respiratory infections, are related to the role of vitamin A in:
a. blood clotting.

b. synthesis of visual pigments.

c. controlling osteoclast and osteoblast activity.
d. synthesis of hormones.

e. maintaining the epithelial cells.

ANSWER: e
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

19. Children with measles or measles-related infections may benefit from supplementation with:
a. vitamin C.
b. vitamin A.
c. iron.

d. folate.

e. vitamin E.
ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

20. Excessive vitamin A during pregnancy poses a teratogenic risk. This means that:
a. it can increase the risk of birth defects.

b. it can build up in the blood and cause calcification of soft tissues.
c. it can result in a low-birth weight infant.

d. it can increase the risk of infectious disease.

e. it can result in osteomalacia.

ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

21. Vitamin A toxicity is likely to result from:
a. consuming too many dark green and deep orange vegetables.

b. overconsumption of whole grains.

c. consuming large amounts of fortified foods or vitamin A supplements.
d. drinking too much orange juice.

e. prescription acne treatments.

ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

22. If your eyes have difficulty adjusting to dim light, eating which of the following foods daily might improve your vision?
a. steamed carrots

b. a peanut butter sandwich
c. brewer’s yeast

d. pork chops

e. tofu

ANSWER: a
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

23. Identify the food group that is the best source of beta-carotene.
a. protein foods group
b. milk group

c. vegetable group

d. grain group

e. fats and oils group

ANSWER: c
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

24. Among fruits and vegetables, the best sources of beta-carotene are:
a. green or yellow, like lettuce and corn.

b. dark green or deep orange, like broccoli and sweet potatoes.
c. green, like lettuce, peas, and snap beans.

d. brightly colored, like tomatoes and lemons.

e. white, like rice and potatoes.

ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

25. Vitamin D can be made in the body with the help of:
a. bacteria.

b. tryptophan.
c. vitamin A.

d. sunlight.

e. exercise.

ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

26. The main function of vitamin D in bone growth is to:
a. synthesize 7-dehydrocholesterol.

b. assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus.
c. mobilize calcium from the bone.

d. secrete calcitonin.

e. regulate the fat cells of adipose tissue.

ANSWER: b
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

27. The effects of a deficiency of vitamin D are most readily observed in the:
a. nervous system.

b. cardiovascular system.
c. muscular system.

d. epithelial tissue.

e. skeletal system.

ANSWER: e
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Apply

28. A deficiency of which of the following vitamins can cause rickets?
a. A

b. B12

c. C

d. D

e. E

ANSWER: d
REFERENCES: 8.2 The Fat-Soluble Vitamins
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: NHHE.DEBR.17.8.2 – Identify the main roles, deficiency symptoms, toxicity symptoms, and food sources of the fat-soluble vitamins.
KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember