Test Bank for Basics of Biopsychology John P.J. Pinel

Test Bank for Basics of Biopsychology John P.J. Pinel

Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biopsychology: How Biopsychologists Think
About Behavior 1
Chapter 2 The Anatomy of the Brain: The Systems, Structures, and Cells that
Make Up Your Nervous System 30
Chapter 3 Neural Activity and How to Study It 67
Chapter 4 The Visual System: How We See 105
Chapter 5 Mechanisms of Perception: Hearing, Touch, Smell, Taste, and
Attention: How You Know the World 142
Chapter 6 The Sensorimotor System: How You Do What You Do 178
Chapter 7 Development of the Nervous System: From Fertilized Egg to You 207
Chapter 8 Brain Damage and Neuroplasticity: Can the Brain Recover 238
from Damage?
Chapter 9 Learning, Memory, and Amnesia: How Your Brain Stores 285
Information
Chapter 10 Hunger, Eating, and Health: Why Do Many People Eat Too
Much? 323
Chapter 11 Hormones and Sex: What’s Wrong with the Mamawawa? 361
Chapter 12 Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms: How Much Do You 401
Need to Sleep?
Chapter 13 Health Psychology: Addiction, Emotion, and Stress: Impact of
Psychological Factors on Heath 446
Chapter 14 Lateralization, Language, and the Split Brain: The Left Brain and
Right Brain of Language 490
Chapter 15 Behavioral Neuroscience of Psychiatric Disorders: The Brain
Unhinged 534
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biopsychology:
How Biopsychologists Think about Behavior
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) The human brain weighs about
A) 0.3 kilograms (0.7 pounds).
B) 0.8 kilograms (1.8 pounds).
C) 1.0 kilograms (2.2 pounds).
D) 1.3 kilograms (2.9 pounds).
E) 2.3 kilograms (5.1 pounds).
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5
Topic: Chapter 1 Introduction
2) The human brain is composed of various cells, including about 100 billion specialized to
receive and transmit electrochemical signals. These specialized cells are called
A) glial cells.
B) axons.
C) neurons.
D) oligodendroglia.
E) sulci.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5
Topic: Chapter 1 Introduction
3) The study of the nervous system is called
A) neuroscience.
B) psychology.
C) biopsychology.
D) neurochemistry.
E) neurophysiology.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5
Topic: Chapter 1 Introduction
1
4) Jimmie G., the man frozen in time, had a severe problem with his
A) memory.
B) temperature regulation.
C) IQ.
D) attention.
E) ability to tell time.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6
Topic: Chapter 1 Introduction
5) Which of the following is a major theme of your text?
A) thinking about biopsychology
B) clinical implications
C) the evolutionary perspective
D) cognitive neuroscience
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6
Topic: Chapter 1 Introduction
6) Biopsychology is the scientific study of the
A) biology of behavior.
B) brain.
C) chemistry of the brain.
D) biology of the brain.
E) biology of cognition.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
7) Psychology is often defined as the scientific study of
A) psychophysics.
B) behavior.
C) biopsychology.
D) the brain.
E) conditioning.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
2
8) Psychobiology, behavioral biology, and behavioral neuroscience are all approximate synonyms
for
A) cognitive behavior.
B) behavioral psychology.
C) biopsychology.
D) neurophysiology.
E) neuroscience.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
9) The man who played a key role in the emergence of biopsychology as a discipline by writing
The Organization of Behavior is
A) Sperry. B) Hebb. C) Lashley. D) Milner. E) Pellis.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
10) According to the textbook, biopsychology as it is practiced today emerged as a discipline in
about
A) 1549. B) 1649. C) 1749. D) 1849. E) 1949.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
11) Which of the following is the youngest scientific discipline?
A) physics
B) astrology
C) biology
D) biopsychology
E) chemistry
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
3
12) Biopsychology is a branch or division of
A) neuropsychology.
B) psychophysiology.
C) neuroscience.
D) all of the above
E) both A and B
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
13) What distinguishes biopsychology from the other subdisciplines of neuroscience?
A) its focus on the study of behavior
B) its focus on animal subjects
C) its focus on psychiatric disorders
D) its focus on psychoactive drugs
E) both C and D
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 7
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
14) Which subdiscipline of neuroscience focuses on the study of nervous system disorders?
A) ethoexperimental psychology
B) biopsychology
C) developmental neurobiology
D) neuropathology
E) neuroendocrinology
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
15) Structure is to function as
A) biopsychology is to psychology.
B) neuroanatomy is to neurophysiology.
C) neuropathology is to clinical psychology.
D) neuroscience is to biopsychology.
E) biopsychology is to neuroscience.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 8
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
4
16) All behavior is the product of
A) an organism’s genetic endowment.
B) an organism’s experience.
C) an organism’s perception of the current situation.
D) all of the above
E) both A and B
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 8
Topic: 1.1 What Is Biopsychology?
17) The single most influential theory in the biological sciences is the theory of
A) D. O. Hebb.
B) Charles Darwin.
C) evolution.
D) both A and C
E) both B and C
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
18) Darwin’s theory of evolution was published in
A) 1312. B) 1562. C) 1859. D) 1920. E) 1943.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
19) Darwin was not the first to suggest that species evolve, but he was the first to suggest
A) how evolution occurs.
B) that cultures evolve.
C) that evolution occurs by genetics.
D) that mammals evolve.
E) that sex is an important component of evolution.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
5
20) Darwin suggested a mechanism for evolution:
A) genes.
B) natural selection.
C) sex.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
21) Horse breeders have created faster horses through programs of
A) natural selection.
B) gene splicing.
C) selective breeding.
D) domestication.
E) euthanasia.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
22) Fitness in the Darwinian sense refers to an organism’s ability to
A) survive and contribute large numbers of fertile offspring to the next generation.
B) remain healthy.
C) win fights.
D) survive.
E) avoid predation.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
23) Social dominance is an important factor in evolution because dominant males often
A) kill their mates.
B) become seriously injured.
C) produce more offspring than nondominant males.
D) establish hierarchies.
E) are much larger.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
6
24) Courtship displays are important evolutionary phenomena because they
A) promote the evolution of new species.
B) promote extinction.
C) facilitate aggression.
D) encourage social dominance.
E) eliminate copulation.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
25) Courtship displays promote the evolution of new species when they serve as a barrier to
A) sexual behavior between males.
B) sexual behavior between females.
C) subpopulations of conspecifics.
D) different species.
E) species that do not normally interbreed.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
26) The conspecific of a vole is a
A) rat. B) monkey. C) human. D) mouse. E) vole.
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
27) Complex multicellular, water-dwelling organisms first appeared on earth
A) in the early 1920s.
B) 600 million years ago.
C) 200 million years ago.
D) 4 million years ago.
E) 2 million years ago.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
7
28) Animals with dorsal nerve cords are called
A) phyla.
B) chordates.
C) vertebrates.
D) mammals.
E) amphibians.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
29) Which of the following are chordates?
A) humans
B) vertebrates
C) Florida walking catfish
D) mammals
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
30) Which of the following is not true?
A) All mammals are chordates.
B) All chordates are vertebrates.
C) All reptiles are vertebrates.
D) All mammals are vertebrates.
E) All vertebrates are chordates.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
31) Birds and reptiles are
A) amphibians.
B) chordates.
C) vertebrates.
D) all of the above
E) both B and C
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
8
32) The first animals to venture out of the water were
A) reptiles.
B) bony fishes.
C) amphibians.
D) Florida walking catfish.
E) both B and C
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
33) Frogs, toads, and salamanders are
A) vertebrates.
B) chordates.
C) amphibians.
D) all of the above
E) both A and C
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
34) Lizards, snakes, and turtles are
A) reptiles.
B) amphibians.
C) vertebrates.
D) both A and C
E) both B and C
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolution
35) Reptiles evolved directly from
A) amphibians.
B) fish.
C) bony fish.
D) prosimians.
E) snakes.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12
Topic: 1.2 Human Evolutio