SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 7TH EDITION BY BURD – TEST BANK

SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 7TH EDITION BY BURD – TEST BANK

Chapter 07 – Input/Output Technology

1. For video display, a pixel displays no light or light of a specific color and intensity.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

2. Image quality improves as dots per inch increases.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

3. Image quality improves as pixel size increases.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

4. On paper, pixel size corresponds to the smallest drop of ink that can be placed accurately on the page.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

5. Decades ago, printers adopted 1/32 of an inch as a standard pixel size.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

6. For people and computers, a printed character must exactly match a specific pixel map to be recognizable.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

7. Point size refers to characters’ width.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

8. ​A monochrome display can display black, white, and many shades of gray in between, so it requires 8 bits per pixel.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

233

9. An IDL can represent image components as embedded fonts, vectors, curves and shapes, and embedded bitmaps.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

235

10. IDLs are a simple form of compression.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

237

11. LCD displays have less contrast than other flat panel displays because color filters reduce the total amount of light passing through the front of the panel.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

12. Phosphors emit colored light in liquid crystal displays.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

13. Because plasma displays actively generate colored light near the display surface, they’re brighter and have a wider viewing angle than LCDs.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

14. OLED displays combine many of the best features of LCD and plasma displays.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

243

15. Impact technology began with dot matrix printers.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

244

16. Color laser output uses four separate print generators.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

247

17. An advantage of optical over mechanical mice is a lack of moving parts that can be contaminated with dust and dirt.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

248

18. Bar-code readers are typically used to track large numbers of inventory items, as in grocery store inventory and checkout, package tracking, warehouse inventory control, and zip code routing for postal mail.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

250

19. Modern bar codes encode data in three dimensions.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

251

20. Character and text recognition is most accurate when text is printed in a single font and style, with all text oriented in the same direction on the page.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

252

21. Error rates of 1-2% are common using OCR software with mixed-font text and even higher with handwritten text.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

252

22. A digital still camera captures and stores one image at a time.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

252

23. Moving image quality improves as the number of frames per second (fps) decreases.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

253

24. Typically, digital cameras capture 14 to 20 fps.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

253

25. Most portable data capture devices combine a keyboard, mark or bar-code scanner, and wireless connection to a wired base station, cash register, or computer system.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

253

26. For sound reproduction that sounds natural to people, frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 KHz must be sampled at least 96,000 times per second.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

253

27. Sound varies by frequency (pitch) and intensity (loudness).

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

253

28. Continuous speech is a series of nonstop interconnected phonemes.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

29. Phonemes sound similar when voiced repetitively by the same person.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

30. A significant advantage of MIDI is its compact storage format.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

257

31. ​Each cell in the matrix representing one part of a digital image is called a ____.

a.

bubble​

b.

​pixel

c.

​Dot

d.

​Block

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

32. The ____ of a display is the number of pixels displayed per linear measurement unit.

a.

resolution

b.

refinement

c.

accuracy

d.

pitch

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

33. In the United States, resolution is generally stated in ____.

a.

lines per inch

b.

pixels per line

c.

dots per inch

d.

dots per millimeter

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

34. Written Western languages are based on systems of symbols called ____.

a.

fonts

b.

characters

c.

types

d.

schemes

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

35. A collection of characters of similar style and appearance is called a ____.

a.

type

b.

scheme

c.

pitch

d.

font

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

36. The number of distinct colors or gray shades that can be displayed is sometimes called the ____.

a.

resolution

b.

palette

c.

range

d.

chromatic depth

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

233

37. A(n) ____ is simply a table of colors.

a.

palette

b.

spectrum

c.

RGB system

d.

color scheme

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

233

38. ____ is a process that generates color approximations by placing small dots of different colors in an interlocking pattern.

a.

Merging

b.

Banding

c.

Dithering

d.

Retracing

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

234

39. In graphics, a ____ is a line segment with a specific angle and length in relation to a point of origin.

a.

course

b.

vector

c.

path

d.

route

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

236

40. Components of a video controller include display generator circuitry, software stored in ROM, a video processor, and ____.

a.

RAM

b.

font tables

c.

display pixels

d.

secondary storage

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

239

41. Video display panels are connected to a ____ that’s connected to a port on the system bus or a dedicated video bus.

a.

video buffer

b.

video manager

c.

video station

d.

video controller

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

239

42. The number of refresh cycles per second is normally stated in hertz and called the ____.

a.

refresh rate

b.

pixel depth

c.

resolution

d.

scan rate

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

240

43. A(n) ____ display includes one or more transistors for every display pixel.

a.

cathode ray tube

b.

active matrix

c.

liquid crystal

d.

Passive matrix

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

44. ____ technology etches display pixels and the transistors and traces that control/illuminate them onto a glass substrate.

a.

CRT

b.

Neon

c.

backlight

d.

TFT

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

45. A ____ contains a matrix of liquid crystals sandwiched between two polarizing filter panels that block all light except light approaching from a specific angle.

a.

Plasma

b.

CRT

c.

liquid crystal display

d.

light emitting diode

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

241

46. ____ displays use excited gas and phosphors to generate colored light.

a.

Plasma

b.

liquid crystal

c.

light emitting diode

d.

thin film transmission

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

47. Modern ____ displays achieve high-quality color display with organic compounds.

a.

LCD

b.

TFT

c.

CRT

d.

LED

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

243

48. OLED displays combine features from both LED and plasma display, including: ____.

a.

thin, bright, and high power

b.

thin, bright, and low power

c.

thin, backlit, and high power

d.

thin, backlit, and low power

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

243

49. A(n) ____ printer moves a print head containing a matrix of pins over the paper.

a.

laser

b.

dot matrix

c.

inkjet

d.

dye sublimation

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

244

50. A modern large format printer is a _____ printer that can print on wider-than normal rolls of paper.

a.

laser

b.

dye sublimation

c.

inkjet

d.

impact

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

247

51. A(n) ____ operates with an electrical charge and the attraction of ink to this charge.

a.

laser printer

b.

inkjet printer

c.

impact printer

d.

thermal printer

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

246

52. A ____ is a printer that generates line drawings on wide sheets or rolls of paper.

a.

sublimation

b.

thermal

c.

line printer

d.

plotter

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

247

53. Pointing devices can be used to enter drawings into a computer system or control the position of a(n) ____ on a display device.

a.

pointer

b.

arrow

c.

cursor

d.

marker

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

248

54. Touch position sensing in a touch screen is usually based on ____.

a.

resistance

b.

flux

c.

capacitance

d.

inductance

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

249

55. ____ sensors capture input from special-purpose symbols placed on paper or the flat surfaces of 3D objects.

a.

Dot and image

b.

Mark and image

c.

Mark and pattern

d.

Image capture

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

250

56. A(n) ____ detects specific patterns of bars or boxes.

a.

bar-code scanner

b.

image scanner

c.

dimensional scanner

d.

linear scanner

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

250

57. Bar-code readers use ____that sweep a narrow beam back and forth across the bar code.

a.

scanning LEDs

b.

high-intensity lamps

c.

high resolution CCDs

d.

scanning lasers

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

250

58. PDF417 bar codes can hold around ____ of data.

a.

1 KB

b.

1 MB

c.

1 GB

d.

1 TB

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

251

59. A(n) ____ generates bitmap representations of printed images.

a.

bar-code scanner

b.

image scanner

c.

optical scanner

d.

visual scanner

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

251

60. ____ devices combine optical-scanning technology with a special-purpose processor or software to interpret bitmap content.

a.

Optical image recognition

b.

Optical character recognition

c.

Optical character reproduction

d.

Optical image resolution

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

251

61. The process of converting analog sound waves to digital representation is called ____.

a.

reducing

b.

interpreting

c.

sampling

d.

transforming

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

253

62. A(n) ____ accepts a continuous electrical signal representing sound (such as microphone input), samples it at regular intervals, and outputs a stream of bits representing the samples.

a.

analog-to-digital converter

b.

analog-to-digital inverter

c.

analog-to-digital diverter

d.

analog-to-digital parser

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

63. A(n) ____ accepts a stream of bits representing sound samples and generating a continuous electrical signal that can be amplified and routed to a speaker.

a.

digital-to-analog processor

b.

digital-to-analog parser

c.

digital-to-analog compiler

d.

digital-to-analog converter

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

64. ____ output is only able to generate one frequency (note) at a time.

a.

Stereophonic

b.

Monophonic

c.

Polyphonic

d.

Monosyllabic

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

65. ____ is the process of recognizing and responding to the meaning embedded in spoken words, phrases, or sentences.

a.

Text recognition

b.

Pattern recognition

c.

Speech recognition

d.

Natural recognition

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

66. Human speech consists of a series of sounds called ____, roughly corresponding to the sounds of each letter of the alphabet.

a.

phonemes

b.

homonyms

c.

cheremes

d.

visemes

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

67. Most current speech-recognition systems are ____, which means they must be “trained” to recognize the sounds of human speakers.

a.

speaker independent

b.

speaker dependent

c.

speaker neutral

d.

speaker attuned

ANSWER:

b

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

255

68. A(n) ____ is a microprocessor specialized for processing continuous streams of audio or graphical data.

a.

analog signal processor

b.

virtual signal processor

c.

electronic signal processor

d.

digital signal processor

ANSWER:

d

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

256

69. ____ is a standard for storing and transporting control information between computers and electronic musical instruments.

a.

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

b.

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

c.

Musical Interface Digital Interconnection

d.

Musical Interconnection Digital Interface

ANSWER:

a

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

257

70. Up to ____ channels of MIDI data can be sent over the same serial transmission line

a.

4

b.

8

c.

16

d.

32

ANSWER:

c

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

258

71. As ____________________ size increases image quality improves.

ANSWER:

pixel​

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

72. To an observer, the quality of a printed or displayed image increases as ____________________ size increases.

ANSWER:

pixel​

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

73. Font size is measured in units called ____________________.

ANSWER:

points

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

74. The ____________________ colors are cyan, magenta, and yellow.

ANSWER:

subtractive

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

233

75. A stored set of numbers describing the content of all pixels in an image is called a(n) ____________________.

ANSWER:

bitmap

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

233

76. ____________________ dithering is usually called half-toning.

ANSWER:

Grayscale

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

234

77. Postscript is a(n) ____________________ designed mainly for printed documents, although it can also be used to generate video display outputs.

ANSWER:

image description language (IDL)

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

237

78. Each transfer of a full screen of data from the display generator to the monitor is called a(n) ____________________.

ANSWER:

refresh cycle

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

240

79. Direct3D and ____________________ are widely-used video controller IDLs.

ANSWER:

OpenGL

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

240

80. A(n) ____________________ matrix display uses one or more transistors for every pixel.

ANSWER:

active

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

81. A(n) ____________________ matrix display shares transistors among rows and columns of pixels.

ANSWER:

passive

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

82. ​A(n) plasma display pixel excites gas into a(n) ____________________ plasma state to generate UV light.

ANSWER:

plasma

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

242

83. Of all flat panel displays, ____________________ have the shortest operational lifetimes.

ANSWER:

plasma displays

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

243

84. When keys are pressed, a keyboard controller generates output called a(n) ____________________.

ANSWER:

scan code

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

248

85. A(n) mouse that can detect motion with ____________________ dimensions uses an embedded gyroscope.

ANSWER:

three

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

249

86. A(n) ____________________ is an LCD or LED display with additional TFT layers that detect the position of electrical field changes based on capacitance.

ANSWER:

touchscreen

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

249

87. Digitizing tablets and tablet PCs are examples of ____________________, a general class of input devices.

ANSWER:

input pads

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

260

88. ____________________ touchscreen input interprets a sequence of touch information as a single command

ANSWER:

Gesture-based

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

249

89. A(n) ____________________ scans for light or dark marks at specific locations on a page.

ANSWER:

mark sensor

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

250

90. Digital still cameras, video cameras, and Webcams use an array of ____________________ placed behind lenses to capture reflected and focused ambient light.

ANSWER:

photosensors

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

251

91. Human-assisted ____________________ procedures are required in many applications to deal with error rates of OCR technology.

ANSWER:

quality control

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

252

92. ____________________ is a series of phonemes interspersed with periods of silence.

ANSWER:

Continuous speech

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

93. A device that generates spoken messages based on text input is called a(n) ____________________.

ANSWER:

audio response unit

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

256

94. The term ____________________ describes hardware that can generate multiple sound frequencies at the same time.

ANSWER:

polyphonic

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

254

95. Describe the relationship between image quality, pixel size, and resolution?

ANSWER:

​Resolution is the number of pixels per linear inch in a printed or displayed image. As resolution increases, the amount of fine detail in the image also increases. People perceive images with greater amounts of fine detail as being of higher quality.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

96. Explain the term point size as it relates to fonts.

ANSWER:

A point is 1/72 of an inch. A font’s point size is the number of points between the top of the highest character and the bottom of the lowest character in the font.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

231

97. Of liquid crystal, plasma, LED, and OLED displays, which is best and why?

ANSWER:

If you ignore cost and operational lifetime then LOED displays have the better performance characteristics than the other types. They’re the thinnest, are at least tied for the brightest, are at least tied for the lowest power consumption, and have the best color accuracy. Adding cost and operational lifetime into the comparison complicates it because OLED has shorter operational lifetimes than liquid crystal and LED displays and because OLED displays are the most expensive of all types. Those statements are accurate as of 2015 but they may not be a few years later because OLED technology is the newest and the most rapidly improving.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

241
243

98. Why do modern systems typically use 2D bar codes instead of more traditional bar codes composed of lines of varying thickness.

ANSWER:

2D bar codes can store more data in the same amount of 2D space.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

251

99. Describe the components of a sound card.

ANSWER:

General-purpose audio hardware can be integrated on a PC motherboard or packaged as an expansion card that connects to the system bus (commonly called a sound card). At minimum, sound cards include an ADC, a DAC, a low-power amplifier, and connectors (jacks) for a microphone and a speaker or headphones. More elaborate cards might include the following:

• Multichannel surround sound, such as Dolby 5.1

• A general-purpose Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) synthesizer

• MIDI input and output jacks

• A more powerful amplifier to accommodate larger speakers and generate more volume

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

256