Structure & Function of the Body 14th Edition by Gary A. Thibodeau – Kevin T. Patton – Test Bank

Structure & Function of the Body 14th Edition by Gary A. Thibodeau – Kevin T. Patton – Test Bank

Thibodeau & Patton: Structure & Function of the Body, 14^th Edition

Chapter 11: Blood

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Plasma:

a.

consists of blood without the blood cells and clotting factors

b.

carries almost all of the food to the cells

c.

carries almost all of the oxygen to the cells

d.

all of the above

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 251

TOP: Blood plasma

2. Plasma contains:

a.

digested food

b.

metabolic waste products

c.

proteins

d.

all of the above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 251

TOP: Blood plasma

3. Serum:

a.

is made from blood plasma

b.

contains fibrinogen

c.

has no antibodies

d.

all of the above

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

4. The function of albumin is to:

a.

assist in the formation of a blood clot

b.

thicken the blood

c.

act as an enzyme for the breakdown of carbonic acid

d.

assist in the fighting of infection

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

5. Globulins:

a.

assist in the formation of a blood clot

b.

thicken the blood

c.

assist in fighting infection

d.

none of the above

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

6. The approximate number of red blood cells in a cubic millimeter of blood is:

a.

50,000

b.

500,000

c.

5,000,000

d.

50,000,000

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

7. The approximate number of white blood cells in a cubic millimeter of blood is:

a.

7,500

b.

75,000

c.

750,000

d.

7,500,000

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

8. The approximate number of platelets in a cubic millimeter of blood is:

a.

30,000

b.

300,000

c.

3,000,000

d.

30,000,000

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

9. Myeloid tissue is:

a.

also called lymphoid tissue

b.

also called red bone marrow

c.

important in the formation of blood cells

d.

both b and c above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

10. Red bone marrow is found in greatest amounts in the:

a.

sternum and hipbone

b.

clavicle and vertebrae

c.

femur and tibia

d.

humerus and ulna

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

11. The blood cells with the longest circulating life span are the:

a.

red blood cells

b.

granular white blood cells

c.

nongranular white blood cells

d.

both b and c have equal life spans

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 254

TOP: Formed elements

12. The red blood cell:

a.

has no nucleus

b.

is spherical in shape to increase its surface area

c.

is important in carrying metabolic waste to the kidney

d.

all of the above

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 254

TOP: Red blood cells

13. The red blood cell:

a.

assists in transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs

b.

contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen

c.

has a unique shape to increase its surface area

d.

all of the above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 254

TOP: Red blood cells

14. Polycythemia can be caused by:

a.

too few red blood cells

b.

too little hemoglobin in the blood cells

c.

too many red blood cells being made

d.

both a and b above

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 255

TOP: Anemia

15. Anemia can be caused by:

a.

too few red blood cells

b.

too little hemoglobin in the blood cells

c.

too many red blood cells being made

d.

both a and b above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 254

TOP: Anemia

16. Pernicious anemia is caused by:

a.

severe hemorrhage

b.

lack of vitamin B₁₂

c.

an insufficient amount of iron in the diet

d.

radiation or chemical damage to bone marrow

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 255

TOP: Anemia

17. Which of the following describes the layering, in order from top to bottom, of a test tube of blood that has been “spun down” in a centrifuge?

a.

plasma, red blood cells, buffy coat

b.

buffy coat, plasma, red blood cells

c.

plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells

d.

red blood cells, buffy coat, plasma

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 256

TOP: Hematocrit test

18. The blood component with the highest density is:

a.

white blood cells

b.

red blood cells

c.

plasma

d.

serum

ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page: 256 TOP: Hematocrit test

19. Which white blood cells are phagocytes?

a.

monocytes

b.

T lymphocytes

c.

B lymphocytes

d.

all of the above

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: White blood cells

20. Which white blood cells produce antibodies?

a.

monocytes

b.

T lymphocytes

c.

B lymphocytes

d.

neutrophils

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: White blood cells

21. Which white blood cells directly attack microbes?

a.

eosinophils

b.

T lymphocytes

c.

B lymphocytes

d.

basophils

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: White blood cells

22. Which white blood cells help protect the body from parasites?

a.

eosinophils

b.

monocytes

c.

neutrophils

d.

basophils

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: White blood cells

23. Which white blood cells secrete heparin?

a.

eosinophils

b.

monocytes

c.

neutrophils

d.

basophils

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: White blood cells

24. Leukopenia:

a.

refers to an excess of white blood cells

b.

is characteristic of people with leukemia

c.

is characteristic of people with AIDS

d.

both a and b above

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: WBC count

25. Injury to a blood vessel or damage to a platelet can cause the formation of:

a.

fibrinogen

b.

fibrin

c.

prothrombin activator

d.

thrombin

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 258

TOP: Platelets and blood clotting

26. In order for thrombin to be formed:

a.

fibrinogen must be present

b.

sodium must be present

c.

potassium must be present

d.

calcium must be present

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 258

TOP: Platelets and blood clotting

27. At the point of injury, platelets:

a.

become sticky and accumulate near the opening

b.

release thrombin

c.

release fibrin

d.

both a and c above

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 258

TOP: Platelets and blood clotting

28. In the final step in the blood-clotting process:

a.

prothrombin reacts with fibrin to form fibrinogen

b.

thrombin reacts with fibrinogen to form fibrin

c.

prothrombin reacts with fibrin to form fibrinogen

d.

prothrombin activator reacts with prothrombin to form thrombin

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 258

TOP: Platelets and blood clotting

29. Vitamin K stimulates the liver to increase production of:

a.

prothrombin activator

b.

fibrinogen

c.

prothrombin

d.

thrombin

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 259

TOP: Platelets and blood clotting

30. A thrombus is:

a.

a clot that stays where it was formed

b.

the same as an embolus

c.

usually made of thrombin

d.

a blood clot circulating in the bloodstream

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 259

TOP: Platelets and blood clotting

31. The blood type that has antigen A on the cell and anti-B antibody in the plasma is:

a.

type O

b.

type AB

c.

type A

d.

type B

ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page: 260 TOP: Blood types

32. The blood type with no antigens on the blood cell and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma is:

a.

type AB

b.

type O

c.

type A

d.

type B

ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page: 260 TOP: Blood types

33. The “universal donor” blood type is:

a.

type A

b.

type B

c.

type AB

d.

type O

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 260

TOP: Blood types

34. The “universal recipient” blood type is:

a.

type A

b.

type B

c.

type AB

d.

type O

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 260

TOP: Blood types

35. Erythroblastosis fetalis:

a.

usually occurs in a mother’s first-born baby

b.

occurs in the case of an Rh-positive mother and an Rh-negative baby

c.

occurs in the case of an Rh-positive baby and an Rh-negative mother

d.

both a and b above

ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page: 262 TOP: Erythroblastosis fetalis

36. The most abundant type of solute in the blood plasma is:

a.

sodium

b.

red blood cells

c.

plasma proteins

d.

potassium

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

37. A substance found in plasma but not in serum is:

a.

fibrinogen

b.

antibodies

c.

formed elements

d.

both a and b above

ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Page: 252 TOP: Blood plasma

38. Another term for red blood cells is:

a.

leukocytes

b.

eosinophils

c.

thrombocytes

d.

erythrocytes

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Formed elements

39. Another term for white blood cells is:

a.

thrombocytes

b.

leukocytes

c.

erythrocytes

d.

albumin

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Formed elements

40. Another term for platelets is:

a.

erythrocytes

b.

leukocytes

c.

thrombocytes

d.

fibrinogen

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

41. Which of the following is not a granular leukocyte?

a.

monocyte

b.

neutrophil

c.

basophil

d.

eosinophil

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: Formed elements

42. Basophils and lymphocytes have this characteristic in common.

a.

both are thrombocytes

b.

both are leukocytes

c.

both are granular leukocytes

d.

both b and c above

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: Formed elements

43. Eosinophils and neutrophils have this characteristic in common:

a.

both are thrombocytes

b.

both are leukocytes

c.

both are granular leukocytes

d.

both b and c above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 257

TOP: Formed elements

44. A patient with a thicker-than-normal buffy coat may have:

a.

an infection

b.

leukemia

c.

leucopenia

d.

both a and b above

ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page: 256 TOP: Hematocrit test

45. A patient with a thinner-than-normal buffy coat may have:

a.

an infection

b.

leukemia

c.

leucopenia

d.

both a and b above

ANS: C DIF: Application REF: Page: 256 TOP: Hematocrit test

46. A couple would have to worry about their next child having erythroblastosis fetalis if:

a.

both parents are Rh negative

b.

both parents are Rh positive

c.

their first child was Rh negative

d.

none of the above situations would cause a child to have erythroblastosis fetalis

ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page: 261 TOP: Rh system

47. Blood usually accounts for about

a.

3% to 5% of body weight

b.

7% to 9% of body weight

c.

10% to 12% of body weight

d.

14% to 18% of body weight

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

48. Lymphatic tissue forms

a.

all types of white blood cells

b.

only lymphocytes

c.

both lymphocytes and monocytes

d.

lymphatic tissue does not form blood cells

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

49. Aplastic anemia can be caused by

a.

severe hemorrhage

b.

damage to blood forming elements in the bone marrow

c.

a lack of vitamin B₁₂

d.

an inherited condition resulting in the formation of abnormal hemoglobin

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 255

TOP: Anemia

50. Sickle-cell anemia can be caused by

a.

severe hemorrhage

b.

damage to blood-forming elements in the bone marrow

c.

a lack of vitamin B₁₂

d.

an inherited condition resulting in the formation of abnormal hemoglobin

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 255

TOP: Anemia

51. The lack of this substance produced by the stomach lining can cause pernicious anemia.

a.

hemoglobin

b.

vitamin B₁₂

c.

intrinsic factor

d.

fibrin

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 255

TOP: Anemia

52. These plasma proteins are necessary for blood clotting:

a.

globulins

b.

fibrinogen

c.

prothrombin

d.

both b and c

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

53. The hematocrit test measures:

a.

the volume of blood made up of red blood cells

b.

the volume of blood made up of both red and white blood cells

c.

the volume of blood made up of plasma

d.

both a and b

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 255

TOP: Hematocrit test

TRUE/FALSE

1. Plasma is made up mostly of water.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 251

TOP: Blood plasma

2. The globulins in the plasma are important in blood-clot formation.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

3. Fibrinogens in the plasma help the body fight infection.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

4. Albumins in the plasma help thicken the blood.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 252

TOP: Blood plasma

5. Serum can be given to surgical patients to help their blood clot more readily.

ANS: F DIF: Synthesis REF: Page: 252 TOP: Blood plasma

6. Serum can be given to patients in need of a specific antibody.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page: 252 TOP: Blood plasma

7. Both myeloid tissue and lymphatic tissue are important in hematopoiesis.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page: 253 TOP: Formed elements

8. Red bone marrow makes only red blood cells.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

9. Lymphatic tissue is also called red bone marrow.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

10. Myeloid tissue is also called red bone marrow.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

11. Red bone marrow is chiefly found in the vertebrae and clavicle.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

12. Red bone marrow is chiefly found in the sternum, hipbone, and ribs.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

13. Lymphatic tissue forms monocytes.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

14. Lymphatic tissue is located in the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253

TOP: Formed elements

15. Red blood cells circulate for up to 4 months.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 253|Page: 254

TOP: Formed elements