Structure And Function of the Body 14th Edition By Patton PhD – Test Bank

Structure And Function of the Body 14th Edition By Patton PhD – Test Bank

Thibodeau & Patton: Structure & Function of the Body, 14^th Edition

Chapter 07: The Muscular System

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Striations are found in:

a.

smooth muscle

b.

skeletal muscle

c.

cardiac muscle

d.

both b and c

ANS: D DIF: Application REF: Page: 142 TOP: Muscle tissue

2. Intercalated disks are found in:

a.

smooth muscle

b.

skeletal muscle

c.

cardiac muscle

d.

voluntary muscle

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

3. Another name for smooth muscle is:

a.

cardiac muscle

b.

visceral muscle

c.

voluntary muscle

d.

skeletal muscle

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

4. Another name for skeletal muscle is:

a.

cardiac muscle

b.

visceral muscle

c.

voluntary muscle

d.

involuntary muscle

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

5. The muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the:

a.

origin

b.

insertion

c.

tendon

d.

bursae

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

6. The muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is called the:

a.

origin

b.

insertion

c.

tendon

d.

bursae

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

7. The connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone is called:

a.

origin

b.

insertion

c.

tendon

d.

bursae

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

8. A fluid-filled sac that acts as a lubricating structure for muscle movement is a(n):

a.

origin

b.

insertion

c.

tendon

d.

bursae

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

9. If an injury caused damage to the insertion of the biceps brachii muscle (the anterior muscle of the upper arm), the injury would be nearest:

a.

the shoulder

b.

the middle of the upper arm

c.

the elbow

d.

none of the above

ANS: C DIF: Synthesis REF: Page: 143 TOP: Muscle organs

10. The thin myofilament of the skeletal muscles is made of:

a.

sarcomere

b.

actin

c.

myosin

d.

Z lines

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

11. The thick myofilament of the skeletal muscles is made of:

a.

sarcomere

b.

actin

c.

myosin

d.

Z lines

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

12. The basic contractile unit of a skeletal muscle is the:

a.

sarcomere

b.

actin

c.

myosin

d.

Z lines

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

13. When a muscle contraction occurs:

a.

the actin gets shorter

b.

the myosin gets shorter

c.

the Z lines are pulled closer together

d.

both a and b

ANS: C DIF: Synthesis REF: Page: 143|Page: 144

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

14. According to the sliding filament model, in order for a sarcomere to contract:

a.

bridges must form between the actin and myosin

b.

calcium must be released from the endoplasmic reticulum

c.

ATP must be broken down for energy

d.

all of the above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 144

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

15. To produce smooth movement at a joint:

a.

the prime mover and antagonists must contract

b.

the antagonist and synergists must contract

c.

the prime mover and synergists must contract

d.

both a and b above

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 145|Page: 146

TOP: Movement

16. Tonic contractions:

a.

move a muscle through a full range of motion

b.

do not shorten the muscle

c.

are important in maintaining posture

d.

both b and c above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 146

TOP: Posture

17. The point of contact between the nerve and the muscle fibers it stimulates is called a:

a.

motor unit

b.

neuromuscular junction

c.

motor neuron

d.

neurotransmitter

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 148

TOP: Motor unit

18. A single motor neuron with all the muscle cells it innervates is called a:

a.

motor unit

b.

neuromuscular junction

c.

neurotransmitter

d.

both b and c above

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 149

TOP: Motor unit

19. The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called:

a.

a threshold stimulus

b.

the all-or-none law

c.

twitch contraction

d.

tetanic contraction

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 149

TOP: Muscle stimulus

20. When a muscle fiber is subjected to a stimulus, it contracts completely. This is called:

a.

threshold stimulus

b.

the all-or-none-law

c.

twitch contraction

d.

tetanic contraction

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 149

TOP: Muscle stimulus

21. What allows you to lift different weights with the same muscle is the:

a.

difference in the threshold stimulus

b.

number of motor units used by the muscle

c.

all-or-none law

d.

isometric contraction of the muscle fibers

ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Page: 149 TOP: Muscle stimulus

22. The muscle contracts and shortens and the insertion end moves toward the point of origin. This sentence describes:

a.

twitch contractions

b.

tetanic contractions

c.

isotonic contractions

d.

isometric contractions

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 149

TOP: Isotonic contraction

23. The muscle contracts but does not shorten, even though an increase in muscle tension does occur. This sentence describes:

a.

twitch contractions

b.

tetanic contractions

c.

isotonic contractions

d.

isometric contractions

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 149

TOP: Isometric contraction

24. Strength training leads to:

a.

an increased number of myofilaments

b.

an increased number of muscle fibers

c.

muscle atrophy

d.

both a and b above

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 150

TOP: Effects of exercise on skeletal muscles

25. Endurance training leads to:

a.

an increased number of myofilaments

b.

an increased number of muscle fibers

c.

an increased number of blood vessels to the muscle

d.

muscle atrophy

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 151

TOP: Effects of exercise on skeletal muscles

26. Which of the following muscles is not a muscle of the head and neck?

a.

frontal

b.

masseter

c.

latissimus dorsi

d.

zygomaticus

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 154

TOP: Muscles of the head and neck

27. Which of the following muscles is not a muscle that moves the upper extremities?

a.

biceps brachii

b.

triceps brachii

c.

latissimus dorsi

d.

rectus abdominis

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 157

TOP: Muscles that move the upper extremities

28. Which of the following muscles is not a muscle of the trunk?

a.

rectus abdominis

b.

iliopsoas

c.

internal oblique

d.

external oblique

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 155|Page: 157

TOP: Muscles of the trunk

29. Which of the following muscles is not a muscle that moves the lower extremities?

a.

sartorius

b.

trapezius

c.

iliopsoas

d.

gracilis

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 157|Page: 158

TOP: Muscles that move the lower extremities

30. The term that refers to ankle and foot movement is:

a.

supination

b.

pronation

c.

dorsiflexion

d.

both a and b above

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

31. The movement that is opposite dorsiflexion is:

a.

supination

b.

pronation

c.

rotation

d.

plantar flexion

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

32. Movement around a longitudinal axis is:

a.

supination

b.

rotation

c.

dorsiflexion

d.

pronation

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

33. Moving a part of the body away from the midline of the body is called:

a.

adduction

b.

abduction

c.

rotation

d.

pronation

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

34. Moving a part of the body toward the midline of the body is called:

a.

adduction

b.

abduction

c.

rotation

d.

pronation

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

35. The hand position when the body is in anatomical position is:

a.

dorsiflexion

b.

pronation

c.

supination

d.

plantar flexion

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

36. The opposite movement of rotation is:

a.

flexion

b.

abduction

c.

pronation

d.

none of the above

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 152

TOP: Movements produced by skeletal muscle contractions

37. A bursae is a saclike structure that is filled with:

a.

blood

b.

synovial fluid

c.

blood plasma

d.

lymph

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Structure of skeletal muscle

38. If a prime mover flexes a joint:

a.

the synergist will extend the joint

b.

the synergist and antagonist will extend the joint

c.

the antagonist will extend the joint

d.

the antagonist will assist in flexing the joint

ANS: C DIF: Synthesis REF: Page: 146 TOP: Movement

39. What part of the body does the pectoralis major move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 154

TOP: Muscles that move the upper extremities

40. What part of the body does the external oblique move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 157

TOP: Muscles of the trunk

41. What part of the body does the masseter move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 154

TOP: Muscles of the head and neck

42. What part of the body does the sartorius move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 156

TOP: Muscles that move the lower extremities

43. What part of the body does the zygomaticus move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 154

TOP: Muscles of the head and neck

44. What part of the body does the sternocleidomastoid move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 154

TOP: Muscles of the head and neck

45. What part of the body does the deltoid move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 154

TOP: Muscles that move the upper extremities

46. What part of the body does the biceps femoris move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 158

TOP: Muscles that move the lower extremities

47. What part of the body does the rectus abdominis move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 157

TOP: Muscles of the trunk

48. What part of the body does the gastrocnemius move?

a.

head and neck

b.

upper extremities

c.

trunk of the body

d.

lower extremities

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 158

TOP: Muscles that move the lower extremities

49. If you weigh 120 pounds, your skeletal muscles weigh about:

a.

50 pounds

b.

60 pounds

c.

70 pounds

d.

40 pounds

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 141

TOP: Introduction

50. Groups of muscle fibers are called:

a.

microfilaments

b.

fascia

c.

fascicles

d.

none of the above

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle organs

51. The loose connective tissue outside the muscle organs that forms a flexible, sticky “packing material” between the muscles, bone, and skin is called:

a.

microfilaments

b.

fascia

c.

fascicles

d.

tendons

ANS: B DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle organs

52. When calcium is released into the sarcomere:

a.

it attaches to the myosin heads

b.

acts as a cross bridge between actin and myosin

c.

stimulates an ATP molecule to release energy

d.

removes the blocking protein from the actin

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 144

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

53. Tension during muscle lengthening is often called:

a.

isotonic contractions

b.

isometric contractions

c.

eccentric contractions

d.

antagonist contractions

ANS: C DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 146

TOP: Movement

54. Which of the following systems do not play a role in body movement?

a.

nervous system

b.

respiratory system

c.

circulatory system

d.

all of the above systems play a role in body movements

ANS: D DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 148

TOP: Role of other body systems in movement

55. This is a quick, jerky response to a stimulus seen in isolated muscles but is not important in normal muscle activity:

a.

twitch contraction

b.

tetanic contraction

c.

isometric contraction

d.

isotonic contraction

ANS: A DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 149

TOP: Twitch and tetanic contractions

TRUE/FALSE

1. Skeletal muscle is also called striated muscle.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

2. Smooth muscle is also called voluntary muscle.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

3. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

4. Like skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles have striations.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

5. Like skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles have intercalated disks.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

6. Involuntary muscles are also called visceral muscles.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 142

TOP: Muscle tissue

7. Tendons anchor muscles to bones.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

8. The insertion of a muscle is on the more stationary bone.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

9. The origin of a muscle is on the more movable bone.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

10. The origin of a muscle is on the more stationary bone.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

11. Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that lie between some tendons and bones.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Muscle organs

12. The thin myofilament in a muscle fiber is made of actin.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

13. The thick myofilament in a muscle fiber is made of actin.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

14. The basic contractile unit of a muscle is called a sarcomere.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

15. Z lines mark the ends of individual sarcomeres.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 143

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

16. In order for the necessary bridges to form, potassium must be released from the endoplasmic reticulum.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 144

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

17. In the sliding filament model of muscle contraction, bridges are formed between the myosin and actin.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 144

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

18. Energy for muscle contraction is provided when ATP is broken down.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 144

TOP: Microscopic structure and function

19. In order for movement to take place, when the prime mover contracts, the synergist must relax.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 146

TOP: Movement

20. In order for movement to take place, the antagonists must do the opposite of the prime mover.

ANS: T DIF: Application REF: Page: 146 TOP: Movement

21. Tonic contractions provide rapid movement for skeletal muscles.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 146

TOP: Posture

22. Good posture can be defined as holding the body parts in the position that favors best function.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 146

TOP: Posture

23. The production of heat is a function of the muscular system.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 147

TOP: Heat production

24. Hypothermia refers to a dangerous elevation in body temperature.

ANS: F DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 147

TOP: Heat production

25. The breakdown of ATP is the energy source that helps supply heat to the body.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 147

TOP: Heat production

26. During strenuous exercise, the muscles’ use of oxygen and nutrients can outstrip the blood’s ability to supply them.

ANS: T DIF: Memorization REF: Page: 147

TOP: Fatigue