Stress Management for Life A Research-Based Experiential Approach, 4th Edition by Michael Olpin – Test Bank

Stress Management for Life A Research-Based Experiential Approach, 4th Edition by Michael Olpin – Test Bank

True / False

1. ​Spirituality is a good synonym for religiosity.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Spirituality and Religiosity

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

2. ​A large majority of Americans say they believe in God.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

3. ​One national study suggests that while religious engagement among students declines somewhat during college years, spirituality shows substantial growth.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Spirituality and Religiosity

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

4. ​There is a correlation between religious activities and health outcomes.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Research on Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

5. ​Discussions about spirituality are no longer limited to religious settings.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

The Spiritual Quest

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

6. ​Forgiveness may significantly change an individual’s biological homeostatic equilibrium.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

7. ​Relying on a higher power helps relieve stress by providing a sense of tranquility and security.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

8. ​Approximately 50% of people experience the placebo effect.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Research on Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

9. ​Forgiveness involves condoning hurtful behavior.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

False

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

10. ​Prayer and appreciating nature are two spiritual rituals that have special relevance for managing stress.

a.

True

b.

False

ANSWER:

True

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

Multiple Choice

11. ​Which term describes a range of effects created by a person’s belief that he or she will benefit from an intervention?

a.

​halo effect

b.

​interaction effect

c.

​placebo effect

d.

​Hawthorne effect

e.

​clinical effect

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Research on Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

12. ​In terms of health benefits, regular participation in religious activities is equivalent to ____.

a.

​regular exercise

b.

​not smoking cigarettes

c.

​eating five fruits and vegetables each day

d.

​avoiding foods high in sugar and fat

e.

​drinking alcohol in moderation

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Research on Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

13. ​According to the Gallup polls, ____ percent of Americans believe in God.

a.

​35

b.

​46

c.

​57

d.

​78

e.

​94

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

14. ​Forgiveness is ____.

a.

​a choice not to let past grievances compromise our future

b.

​condoning and accepting hurtful behavior

c.

​the same as forgetting

d.

​pretending everything is fine until we actually feel that way

e.

​something you can be pressured to do

ANSWER:

a

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

15. ​Which quality of spiritual health is least likely to have relevance for stress management?

a.

​Compassion for others

b.

​A feeling of connection to others

c.

​Faith in God or a higher power

d.

​Freely flowing through life without any particular purpose

e.

​Becoming involved in volunteer efforts

ANSWER:

d

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Analyze

16. ​Two important qualities of compassion that have special relevance to stress management are ____ and ____.

a.

​spirituality; religiosity

b.

​forgiveness; spirituality

c.

​altruism; forgiveness

d.

​religiosity; altruism

e.

​altruism; spirituality

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

17. ​Which statement best describes Byrd’s research findings on the relationship between prayer and health outcomes for patients admitted to the coronary care unit in San Francisco?

a.

​Patients who are not prayed for are less likely to require antibiotics.

b.

​Patients who are prayed for are less likely to experience cardiac arrest.

c.

​Patients who are prayed for are more likely to require respiratory support.

d.

​Patients who are not prayed for are less likely to develop pulmonary problems.

e.

​Patients who are prayed for are more likely to die from complications.

ANSWER:

b

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Analyze

18. ​Jagmeet spends a lot of time listening to birds and meditating in the forest. Jagmeet’s relationship to the Earth is an example of ____.

a.

​nature-centered religiosity

b.

​indigenous spirituality

c.

​ecoreligiosity

d.

​faith-based environmentalism

e.

​ecospirituality

ANSWER:

e

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Apply

19. ​Which statement best describes spiritual health?

a.

​The endpoint of spiritual well-being is Enlightenment.

b.

​Fulfilling a life purpose can produce stress and anxiety.

c.

​Balance in body, mind and spirit is largely unattainable in Western societies.

d.

​The spiritual path involves a series of prescribed activities.

e.

​It unifies the dimensions of intellectual, emotional and physical well-being.

ANSWER:

e

REFERENCES:

Conclusion

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Analyze

20. ​According to Sir John Templeton, ____ is the unselfish love that gives of itself and expects nothing in return.

a.

​altruism

b.

​spirituality

c.

​agape

d.

​religiosity

e.

​faith

ANSWER:

c

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

Completion

21. ​______________ is a relationship that an individual experiences personally with the environment.

ANSWER:

Ecospirituality​

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

22. ​______________ is at the heart of stress management.

ANSWER:

Spirituality​

REFERENCES:

Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

23. ​According to the Wall Street Journal, other than textbooks, the top selling books for college students are about ______________.

ANSWER:

spirituality​

REFERENCES:

The Spiritual Quest

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

24. ​All humans have a(n) ______________, a quality that goes beyond religious affiliation, which strives for inspiration, reverence, awe, meaning, and purpose.

ANSWER:

spiritual dimension​

REFERENCES:

Spirituality and Religiosity

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

25. ​______________ refers to participation in or adherence to the beliefs and practices of an organized religion.

ANSWER:

Religiosity​

REFERENCES:

Spirituality and Religiosity

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

26. ​A quality of spiritual health that is important to stress management is belief in a(n) ______________ beyond the physical realm.

ANSWER:

God; god; higher power​

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

27. ​______________ is the belief in or commitment to something or someone seen or unseen that helps a person realize a purpose.

ANSWER:

Faith​

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

28. ​Dr. Fred Luskin defines ______________ as the experience of psychological peace that occurs when injured people transform their grievances against others.

ANSWER:

forgiveness​

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

29. ​The people of India say the word ______________ as a way to greet and connect with each other.

ANSWER:

Namaste​

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

30. ​The Random Acts of Kindness movement is an example of ______________.

ANSWER:

altruism​

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Apply

Subjective Short Answer

31. ​Differentiate between religiosity and spirituality.

ANSWER:

Religiosity refers to participation in or adherence to the beliefs and practices of an organized religion.

​

Spirituality is a personal quest to find meaning and purpose in life, and a relationship or sense of connection with a higher power.

​

Spirituality is a much broader concept that also includes non-religious beliefs and expressions. Although spirituality may involve traditional religious beliefs and practices, a person may be deeply spiritual, yet not profess a religion.

REFERENCES:

Spirituality and Religiosity

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

32. ​List two key findings from the UCLA study on spiritual and religious qualities among undergraduate students.

ANSWER:

1) The study revealed that religious engagement among students declines somewhat during college, but their spirituality shows substantial growth.

​

2) The study identified a number of college activities that contribute to students’ spiritual growth including study abroad, interdisciplinary studies, and service learning.

REFERENCES:

Spirituality and Religiosity

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

33. ​Identify three challenges which arise when conducting research on spirituality.

ANSWER:

1) Researchers do not always agree on how to define the term spirituality, and many use the term interchangeably with religiosity. This leads to confusion and inaccuracies when interpreting research on spirituality.

​

2) Researchers are confronted with issues related to the placebo effect. The term placebo describes the positive effects that are created when a person merely believes he or she will benefit from an intervention. This makes it difficult to determine whether the spiritual practice (e.g. prayer) or merely the belief in the spiritual practice creates real benefits for people.

​

3) Researchers must also consider the effects of alternative variables that may influence study results. For instance, do the health benefits that derive from being religious come from the intervention of a higher power, or are the benefits related to variables such as social support or healthier lifestyle choices that many religions teach?

REFERENCES:

Research on Spirituality

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

34. ​List the five qualities of spiritual health.

ANSWER:

1) A sense of meaning and purpose in life.

2) Faith in God or a higher power – however a person chooses to define it.

3) A feeling of connection to others and seeing oneself as part of something bigger.

4) Compassion for others.

5) Participation in religious behaviors or meaningful spiritual rituals.

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

35. ​Explain Dr. Viktor Frankl’s perspective on the importance of meaning and purpose in life.

ANSWER:

Dr. Frankl emphasizes that although people may be powerless to modify their environment or even their physical condition, each person does have the power to control his or her reactions and find interior meaning, even in the most difficult situations. In other words, how a person chooses to react throughout life can be the basis of ultimate personal growth and fulfillment.

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

36. ​List three spiritual practices and explain how they enhance spiritual health.

ANSWER:

Prayer

Reflection or quiet listening to one’s intuition

Communion with nature

Enjoyment of music, drama, art, dance

Inner dialogue with oneself or with a higher power

Loving relationships with others

Service to others in need

Forgiveness

Empathy, compassion, hope

Laughter, joyous expression

Participation in a caring community (e.g. church, support group)

Reading about spiritual growth

Quiet time each day for prayer, meditation, or thinking

​

Explanations will vary.

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Apply

37. ​Define the term faith and illustrate with an example.

ANSWER:

Faith is the belief in or commitment to something or someone seen or unseen that helps a person realize a purpose. Examples will vary.

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Apply

38. ​List and define two important qualities of compassion that have special relevance to stress management.

ANSWER:

1) Forgiveness: the experience of psychological peace that occurs when injured people transform their grievances against others.

​

2) Altruism: the act of helping or giving to others without any thought of self-benefit.

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Understand

39. ​Define what forgiveness is and list six things that forgiveness is NOT.

ANSWER:

Forgiveness is a decision and a choice not to let past grievances compromise our future by filling our mind with negative thoughts and emotions. It is a skill to be learned. When you forgive someone, you make yourself, rather than the person who hurt you, responsible for your future happiness. When we learn to forgive by realizing that our perception is what allows another person to hurt us, and refusing to take offense from others’ actions, the consequence is inner peace.

​

Forgiveness is NOT

1) Pretending everything is fine

2) Stuffing away angry or hurt feelings

3) Condoning hurtful behavior

4) Necessarily reconciling or having contact with an offender

5) Pressuring yourself to forgive

6) Forgetting

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Remember

40. ​Define ecospirituality and illustrate with an example.

ANSWER:

Ecospirituality is a relationship that an individual experiences personally with the environment. Examples will vary.

REFERENCES:

Five Qualities of Spiritual Health

OTHER:

Bloom’s: Apply