Psychology Applied to Teaching 14th Edition by Jack Snowman – Test Bank

Psychology Applied to Teaching 14th Edition by Jack Snowman – Test Bank

Chapter 10

1. Which of the following instructional activities is consistent with the constructivist view of meaningful learning?
a. Third-grade students make their own flash cards to practice multiplication at home.
b. Students attend an art fair and are required to write about their interpretations of the meaning of particular works.
c. Kindergartners color letters in their workbooks to learn about colors and letter shapes.
d. Students are taught how to use self-questioning as a learning tactic.

ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 10-1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.10.1 – Explain the basic claims underlying constructivist learning theory, and give examples of constructivist practices.
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – INTASC 8 – Instructional Strategies
KEYWORDS: Comprehension
NOTES: The constructivist view holds that in order for meaningful learning to occur the learner must actively try to make sense of the world. When the learner actively constructs a personal interpretation of how and why things are the way they are, and filters experience through existing knowledge structures, meaningful learning has occurred.

2. Margaret enjoys rock climbing but hates algebra because it is too confusing. In an effort to help her become a better math student, her instructor asks her to put in order the steps required to get to the top of a large rock. She then asks Margaret to list some similarities between algebra and rock climbing. Soon, Margaret begins to make the connection between the logical processes involved with each activity. The form of learning that Margaret’s instructor has asked her to engage in is
a. cooperative learning. b. social learning.
c. operant conditioning. d. discovery learning.

ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 10-1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.10.1 – Explain the basic claims underlying constructivist learning theory, and give examples of constructivist practices.
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – INTASC 8 – Instructional Strategies
KEYWORDS: Application
NOTES: Helping Margaret use her knowledge of rock climbing to figure out an approach to solving algebra problems is an example of discovery learning. Discovery learning helps students learn to relate ideas to each other and to existing knowledge in order to be able to independently solve problems in real situations.

3. According to Bruner, discovery learning helps students become more independent problem solvers because they
a. obtain reinforcement for remembering factual information.
b. relate ideas to each other and to their existing knowledge.
c. designate cues for the storage and retrieval of information learned.
d. learn to solve problems by observing the behavior of attractive models.

ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 10-1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.10.1 – Explain the basic claims underlying constructivist learning theory, and give examples of constructivist practices.
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – INTASC 8 – Instructional Strategies
KEYWORDS: Comprehension
NOTES: Bruner’s discovery learning helps students learn to relate ideas to each other and to existing knowledge so that students are able to independently solve problems in real situations.

4. One assumption of constructivism is that meaningful learning is the result of
a. teachers using their extensive knowledge and experience to construct general frameworks that help students make sense of new information.
b. a careful analysis and logical sequencing of the subject matter by the teacher.
c. extensive drill and practice.
d. individuals using their knowledge and experience to create a personal view of the world.

ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 10-1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.10.1 – Explain the basic claims underlying constructivist learning theory, and give examples of constructivist practices.
NATIONAL STANDARDS: United States – INTASC 7 – Planning for Instruction
KEYWORDS: Comprehension
NOTES: Constructivist theory assumes that individuals must draw on their own knowledge and experience to construct their own view of the world as opposed to simply accepting the ideas of others.