Medical Ethics Accounts of Ground Breaking Cases 8Th Edition By Gregory – Test Bank

Medical Ethics Accounts of Ground Breaking Cases 8Th Edition By Gregory – Test Bank

Chapter 10
Surgeons’ Desire for Fame and Ethics of First Transplants

1. Most surgeons never expected Barnard to transplant a heart because the problem of _____ had not yet been solved.
A. post-transplant psychosis
B. the formation of clots on any plastic surface or seam in contact with blood
C. how to control immune rejection of the transplanted organ without letting lethal organisms invade the patient’s body
D. whether society would pay for heart transplants
E. fairness in the selection of who would receive organs and who would not
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2. Why was Barney Clark chosen to receive the Jarvik-7?
A. He was in good health.
B. He had a good chance to return to normal life.
C. He was an educated, dying man and had no other options.
D. He was an African-American man.
E. He was an uneducated man who could be easily deceived about the nature of the operation and its consequences.
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3. Which of these is incorrect?
A. Robert Tools got an AbioMed.
B. Francis Moore said that during 1968, the year after Barnard performed the first heart transplant, transplant medicine “went nuts.”
C. Clint Hallam got the first hand transplant.
D. A Jarvik-7 wouldn’t fit inside Jack Burcham’s chest.
E. The FDA has banned the HeartMate LVAD (left ventricle assist device).
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4. Which of the following is TRUE of Denise Durvall’s death?
A. She was pronounced dead under the Harvard Criteria of Brain Death.
B. Her heart stopped on its own.
C. Her respirator was turned off until the heart stopped.
D. Her heart never stopped beating.
E. Barnard stopped her heart by injecting potassium into it.
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5. Who said that “surgery went nuts” after Barnard’s transplant?
A. William DeVries of Utah.
B. Francis Moore of Harvard.
C. Barney Clark of Utah.
D. Norman Shumway of California.
E. Richard Lower of Virginia.
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6. Mechanical valves in Barney Clark’s Jarvik-7 artificial heart broke and helped cause the failure of the operation. In what previous subject had similar valves also broken?
A. A Brazilian patient.
B. A patient of Christiaan Barnard.
C. A ram named Ted D. Baer.
D. A chimpanzee named “Goobers.”
E. A minority patient, Estell Washington.
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7. Whom did Robert Jarvik marry after divorcing his wife?
A. A playboy bunny
B. Marilyn vos Savant
C. Teresa Campo
D. Jena Campanelli
E. Alice Dubernard
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8. The first patient to receive a face transplant was injured by:
A. an automobile accident.
B. trying to hang herself.
C. her dog.
D. a welding accident.
E. a fire.
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9. The French doctor who took over the care of Isabelle Dinoire worried, during the early days after the operation, that:
A. she would die.
B. she would regret her decision.
C. that her face would slough off.
D. that she would be unable to breathe.
E. that she would try to kill herself.
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10. The first American face transplant was performed on a woman who was injured:
A. by her dog.
B. when flying through the window after a car accident.
C. by her husband.
D. by trying to kill herself.
E. by a genetic disease called neurofibromatosis.
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11. California resident Lizzy Craze in 2014 had lived the longest with a _____ transplant, having received one at age 2 in 1984, which grew as she grew.
A. kidney
B. liver
C. heart
D. face
E. brain
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12. Identify a TRUE statement about 48-year-old New Zealander Clint Hallam.
A. He received the first hand transplant.
B. He refused the amputation of his transplanted hand in 2001.
C. He took antirejection drugs regularly after his transplant.
D. He habitually attended his required physical therapy.
E. He felt cold and heat in his palm immediately after his surgery.
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Chapter 11
The God Committee

1. In selecting candidates for dialysis, the God Committee itself selected candidates for machines by using the selection standard of:
A. a lottery.
B. social worth.
C. strictly non-psychological, medical criteria.
D. only psychological criteria.
E. the ability to pay.
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2. Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
A. Marissa Ayala was conceived to be a bone marrow donor, had her bone marrow harvested, and died as a result.
B. Belding Scribner invented a permanent, indwelling shunt for hemodialysis patients.
C. Shana Alexander did not think that Belding Scribner manipulated America and Congress to pay for dialysis machines.
D. The End Stage Renal Disease Act saved Americans money over the next decades because dialysis machines became cheaper as more were produced.
E. An African-American named Bruce Tucker got a heart transplant from a white man with head injuries.
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3. Which of the following is TRUE in the Pittsburgh protocol for obtaining organs for transplantation?
A. The patient is declared dead by the Harvard criteria of brain death.
B. Drugs are administered that might accelerate the death of the patient from whom the organs are taken.
C. Most families understand that the organ donor’s death will be managed to maximize the health of the organs to be transplanted.
D. Transplant surgeons don’t have to wait a few minutes after the heart stops before declaring a patient dead.
E. It mandates doing everything possible for the health of the patient from whom the organs are taken.
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4. With regard to giving a patient a second heart transplant, it is TRUE that:
A. patients receiving second heart transplants live longer, on average, than first-time recipients.
B. it costs much less to give a patient a second heart transplant than to give the heart to a first-time recipient.
C. providing a second transplant to the same patient is not an example of the Rule of Rescue.
D. patients are often given a second or third transplant because the transplant teams feel that to let a transplant recipient die is to abandon him or her.
E. a national policy allowing second and third transplants to the same patient gets the most years of human life per organ transplanted.
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5. A utilitarian would not manage the distribution of organs by:
A. giving no patient a second organ transplant of the same organ when other patients need the organ.
B. giving preference to the sickest patients.
C. requiring people who obtain organs to in turn declare themselves organ donors.
D. assuming that each organ saves a life and by not giving one person four organs from one cadaver, but giving four people one organ.
E. banning the Rule of Rescue and using impartial criteria for the allocation of organs.
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6. The Rule of Rescue, named by bioethicist Albert Jonsen, refers to _____.
A. giving scarce medical resources to an identified patient
B. giving scarce medical resources to deserving but anonymous people
C. withdrawing medical support from identified patients
D. providing medical attention to affluent sufferers only
E. maintaining calm during emergency rescue operations
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