Medical Emergencies In the Dental Office 6th Edition by Stanley F. Malamed – Test Bank

Medical Emergencies In the Dental Office 6th Edition by Stanley F. Malamed – Test Bank

Malamed: Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, 6th Edition

Test Bank

Chapter 6: Vasodepressor Syncope

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following is the most commonly observed emergency situation in dentistry?
a. cardiac arrest
b. mild (non–life-threatening) allergy
c. angina pectoris
d. seizures
e. vasodepressor syncope

2. Which of the following groups of people are most likely to experience vasodepressor syncope?
a. young women (18 to 35)
b. young men (18 to 35)
c. elderly women (over 70)
d. elderly men (over 70)

3. Which of the following is most likely to be encountered as a cause of unconsciousness in a 24-year-old male patient?
a. adrenocorticosteroid deficiency
b. lack of oxygen
c. hyperglycemia
d. cerebrovascular accident
e. cardiac arrest

4. “Healthy children do not faint.” They hide their fears.
a. Both statements are true.
b. Both statements are false.
c. The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
d. The first statement is false, the second statement is true.

5. Prodromal manifestations of vasodepressor syncope include:
a. a cool feeling in the neck and face
b. erythema or flush color
c. significantly increased heart rate
d. significantly increased blood pressure

6. ___________ is associated with early presyncope and _________ is associated with late presyncope.
a. Tachycardia; tachycardia
b. Bradycardia; bradycardia
c. Tachycardia; bradycardia
d. Bradycardia; tachycardia

7. What is the immediate precipitating cause of loss of consciousness in vasodepressor syncope?
a. increased CO2 level in blood
b. decrease in the rate of respiration
c. rapid rise in blood pressure
d. hyperventilation
e. bradycardia

8. The first step in the management of a patient who “collapses” at the sight of a dental needle is:
a. administer oxygen via a face mask
b. position the patient supine with feet elevated
c. administer aromatic ammonia
d. place patient in Trendelenburg position
e. administer oxygen via nasal hood

9. In the unconscious patient who fails to regain consciousness rapidly after proper positioning, which of the following is strongly recommended?
a. activation of EMS
b. administration of IV dextrose
c. administration of nitroglycerin
d. administration of “sugar” via the appropriate route
e. administration of diazepam

10. After recovering from a period of syncope, the victim should:
a. complete the dental treatment planned for that day
b. not undergo additional dental treatment the rest of that day
c. drive himself or herself to a physician
d. drive himself or herself home

Malamed: Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, 6th Edition

Test Bank

Chapter 7: Postural Hypotension

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Postural hypotension is defined as a disorder of the ______________________ system.
a. cardiovascular
b. integumentary
c. autonomic nervous
d. endocrine

2. Postural hypotension is:
a. frequently associated with fear and anxiety
b. infrequently associated with fear and anxiety
c. associated with fear but not anxiety
d. associated with anxiety but not fear

3. Predisposing factors for postural hypotension include:
a. advanced age
b. infancy
c. inadequate period of recumbency
d. Cushing’s syndrome

4. Probably the most frequently encountered cause of postural hypotension in the dental office is in response to:
a. venous defects in the legs
b. the use of drugs
c. physical exhaustion
d. inadequate postural reflex

5. Shy-Drager syndrome is associated with
a. chronic postural hypotension
b. anhidrosis in the lower trunk
c. diaphoresis in the lower trunk
d. A and B
e. A and C

6. Normally, standing systolic blood pressure should be within __ mm Hg of the supine blood pressure.
a. 10
b. 25
c. 40
d. 50

7. Following a 30-minute dental appointment with you, the patient (a 20-year-old man; ASA I) is rapidly returned to an upright position prior to being dismissed from the chair. He suddenly appears quite pale and reports extreme dizziness and of seeing “stars.” What is your immediate treatment of this situation?
a. position upright and administer amyl nitrate vaporole
b. return to supine position and permit the patient to recover
c. activate EMS and administer nitroglycerin
d. position upright and administer oxygen
e. return to supine position and administer adrenalin sublingually

8. Postural hypotension is usually associated with:
a. apnea
b. tachypnea
c. bradypnea
d. tachycardia
e. bradycardia

9. Heart pulse rate increases about ____ beats per minute when the patient is standing.
a. 5 to 20
b. 10 to 30
c. 20 to 40
d. it does not increase at all

10. Following an episode of postural hypotension, if the patient fails to regain consciousness within a few seconds:
a. administer a vasopressor
b. establish a patent airway
c. perform the Heimlich maneuver
d. call EMS

Malamed: Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, 6th Edition

Test Bank

Chapter 8: Acute Adrenal Insufficiency

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Cortisol is secreted by the:
a. liver
b. pancreas
c. cortex of the adrenal gland
d. medulla of the adrenal gland

2. Hyposecretion of cortisol is associated with:
a. an elevation in blood pressure
b. increased fat deposition in certain areas (truncal obesity and buffalo hump)
c. Addison’s disease
d. Cushing’s syndrome

3. ______________________ is/are the usual cause(s) of death with acute adrenal insufficiency.
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Peristalsis
c. Peripheral vascular collapse and ventricular asystole
d. Respiratory depression

4. The adrenal cortices of normal adults secrete about ___ mg of cortisol daily.
a. 0.1
b. 2.0
c. 10
d. 20

5. Clinical manifestations of adrenal insufficiency include:

a. weight gain
b. hypertension
c. hyperpigmentation
d. hypokalemia

6. In the dental setting, an acute episode of adrenal insufficiency will be marked most notably by:
a. bradycardia
b. severe mental confusion
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypokalemia

7. Adrenocorticotropic hormone is released by the:
a. anterior portion of the pituitary gland
b. posterior portion of the pituitary gland
c. cortex of the adrenal gland
d. medulla of the adrenal gland

8. A patient with acute adrenal insufficiency usually exhibits:
a. hypotension and tachycardia
b. hypertension and tachycardia
c. hypotension and bradycardia
d. hypertension and bradycardia

9. Definitive care for a patient with acute adrenal insufficiency will include administration of:
a. epinephrine
b. a source of “sugar”
c. glucocorticosteroid
d. a vasopressor

10. Which of the following will most likely lead to a noticeable improvement of the patient with acute adrenal insufficiency?
a. aromatic spirits of ammonia
b. administration of glucocorticoid
c. oxygen
d. A, B, and C
e. A and C