Medical Emergencies Essentials for the Dental Professional, 2Nd Ed Grimes -Test Bank

Medical Emergencies Essentials for the Dental Professional, 2Nd Ed Grimes -Test Bank

Test Bank
CHAPTER 1
Multiple Choice
1. What is the MOST common emergency to occur in the dental office?
A. Mild allergic reaction
B. Angina
C. Syncope
D. Anaphylaxis
2. All of the following procedures will help to prevent an emergency in a dental office EXCEPT:
A. accurate medical history taking.
B. taking and recording vital signs.
C. updating the medical emergency kit.
3. If a patient responds positively on his or her medical history to epilepsy, you will need to be on the lookout for:
A. dyspnea.
B. hypoglycemia.
C. seizures.
D. none of the above.
4. All of the following questions should be asked of a patient who provides a positive response on the medical history for asthma EXCEPT:
A. severity of attacks.
B. frequency of attacks.
C. trigger of attacks.
D. all of the above questions should be asked.
5. A patient with an incapacitating systemic disease that is a constant threat to life would be categorized as:
A. ASA I.
B. ASA II.
C. ASA III.
D. ASA IV.
6. A patient that has stable angina or well-controlled Type I diabetes would be considered:
A. ASA I.
B. ASA II.
C. ASA III.
D. ASA IV.
7. The next MOST available person to the operator whose patient is experiencing an emergency is responsible for:
A. recording events of the emergency.
B. contacting EMS.
C. retrieving the emergency kit.
D. preparing drugs from the kit for use.
8. In the REPAIR system for the management of medical emergencies the “I” refers to:
A. recognizing the signs and symptoms.
B. evaluating the patient’s level of consciousness.
C. positioning the patient appropriately.
D. implementing the appropriate emergency protocol.
9. Which of the following is a contributing factor in the increase in medical emergencies in the dental setting?
A. Decreasing age of the population
B. Advances in healthcare
C. Advances in dentistry
D. None of the above
10. Patient vital signs include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. pulse.
B. respiration.
C. blood pressure.
D. weight.
True/False
1. Patients who are tachycardic or bradycardic are less likely to experience a medical emergency in the dental office than those that have a normal heart rhythm.
True
False
2. For patients taking corticosteroids the operator needs to be alert to the signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency.
True
False
3. Patients who are tachypnic may be more likely to experience a medical emergency.
True
False
4. A patient who can walk up two flights of stairs or two city blocks would be considered in the ASA III category.
True
False
5. Current CPR is necessary to be able to treat almost any medical emergency.
True
False
Fill in the Blank
1. _________________ % of medical emergencies in the dental office are due to a mild allergic reaction.
2. _________________ of all medical emergencies in the dental office are life threatening.
3. If a patient states they have a bleeding disorder the operator needs to be alert to _________________ during patient treatment.
4. A patient with a mild systemic disease would be considered in the _________________ category.
5. Two important pieces of equipment needed for use during a medical emergency are a/an _________________ and a/an _________________.
Short Answer
1. Explain the responsibility of each dental staff person during a medical emergency using the emergency team structure recommended in the text.
2. Explain the ASA Classification system.
CHAPTER 2
Multiple Choice
1. All of the following should be taken into account when developing an emergency kit EXCEPT:
A. proximity to emergency department.
B. proximity to EMS.
C. familiarity of dental team with kit contents.
D. age of dental team members.
2. Which of the following drugs is used for a severe allergic reaction?
A. Albuterol
B. Chlorpheneramine
C. Epinephrine
D. None of the above
3. Which is the only emergency for which oxygen is NOT usually recommended?
A. Anaphylaxis
B. Hyperventilation
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Asthma attack
4. Nitroglycerine is indicated for all of the following emergencies EXCEPT:
A. cerebrovascular accident.
B. acute angina.
C. myocardial infarction.
D. heart failure.
5. Albuterol:
A. is administered intramuscularly.
B. has a quick onset.
C. lasts about 30 minutes.
D. the adult dose is one spray and should not be repeated.
6. The appropriate dosage of aspirin for use in an MI is:
A. 81 mg.
B. 162 mg.
C. one baby aspirin.
D. one-half baby aspirin.
7 An unconscious patient suffering from severe hypoglycemia should receive:
A. oral carbohydrate.
B. SoluCortef IM.
C. glucagon IM.
D. nitroglycerine sublingually.
8. What is the pediatric dose of diphenhydramine?
A. 1 mg/kg of body weight
B. 2 mg/kg of body weight
C. 3 mg/kg of body weight
D. 4 mg/kg of body weight
9. An automated external defibrillator is an additional item for the emergency kit to care for which emergency?
A. Asthma attack
B. Cardiac arrest
C. Broken instrument tip
D. Anaphylaxis
True/False
1. Diphenhydramine IM is used for moderate allergic reactions that include primarily dermatologic signs with some respiratory symptoms.
True
False
2. The duration of action of albuterol is one to two hours.
True
False
3. Administration of a corticosteroid is indicated for the prevention of a recurrence of an anaphylactic reaction.
True
False
4. Nitroglycerine tablets lose their effectiveness in 12 weeks if exposed to light or air.
True
False
5. An injectable benzodiazepine is necessary for the management of cerebrovascular accident.
True
False
Fill in the Blank
1. A/an _________________ is a magnetized device used for the removal of broken instrument tips.
2. A/an _________________ should be included in the emergency kit to determine if a patient is suffering from pyrexia.
3. The use of steroids will help in the management of an allergic reaction by reducing the release of _________________.
4. An oral carbohydrate is necessary to reduce the symptoms of _________________ in a conscious patient.
5. The MOST important component of the emergency kit is _________________.
Short Answer Questions
1. List the essential drugs of an emergency kit.
2. List the supplemental drugs of an emergency kit.
CHAPTER 3
Multiple Choice
1. Your patient’s pulse rate is 102. This would be considered:
A. normal.
B. bradycardia.
C. tachycardia.
D. none of the above.
2. What is the MOST common artery used to take a patient’s pulse rate in the dental office?
A. Radial
B. Branchial
C. Femoral
D. Carotid
3. All of the following are common causes of tachycardia EXCEPT:
A. fever.
B. exercise.
C. stimulant drugs.
D. syncope.
4. The strength of the pulse against the blood vessel is referred to as the:
A. cardiac output.
B. pulse.
C. stroke volume.
D. pulse pressure.
5. The use of oxygen and the production of carbon dioxide and their exchange between the cells and blood is:
A. internal respiration.
B. external respiration.
C. bradypnea.
D. orthopnea.
6. Brain damage or coma can occur if a patient has oxygen deprivation lasting for:
A. 1 minute.
B. 3 minutes.
C. 5 minutes.
D. 10 minutes.
7. Your patient’s respiratory rate is 16 per minute. This would be considered:
A. normal.
B. bradypnea.
C. hypernea.
D. orthopnea.
8. Cyclic patterns of increased rate and depth of breathing alternating with periods of apnea is referred to as:
A. Kussmaul respirations.
B. Biot’s respirations.
C. Cheyne-Stokes respirations.
D. None of the above.
9. All of the following are factors that affect respiration rate EXCEPT:
A. age.
B. body position.
C. exercise.
D. temperature.
10. Your patient has a blood pressure of 180/110. This would be considered:
A. prehypertension.
B. Stage I hypertension.
C. Stage II hypertension.
D. normal blood pressure.
11. The force of blood against the blood vessel walls during ventricular contraction is:
A. systolic blood pressure.
B. diastolic blood pressure.
C. pulse pressure.
D. hypertension.
12. All of the following factors affect blood pressure EXCEPT:
A. blood volume.
B. blood viscosity.
C. blood stenosis.
D. blood vessel resistance.
13. Normal blood pressure in children is based on their age, sex, and height and is at the _____ percentile or lower.
A. 54th
B. 76th
C. 89th
D. 95th
14. The FIRST sound you hear when deflating the blood pressure cuff is the:
A. diastolic blood pressure.
B. systolic blood pressure.
C. pulse pressure.
D. radial pulse.
15. The blood pressure cuff should be inflated:
A. 20–30 mmHg higher than the reading when you no longer feel the radial pulse.
B. to 200 mmHg.
C. until the branchial pulse is no longer heard in the stethoscope.
D. none of the above.
16. A temperature of 99.8 degrees is considered:
A. normal.
B. hypothermia.
C. low grade.
D. pyrexia.
17. Individuals with hypertension are at higher risk for:
A. cerebrovascular accident.
B. diabetes.
C. seizures.
D. asthma.
18. All of the following would be types of end organ damage signifying hypertensive emergency EXCEPT:
A. cerebral hemorrhage.
B. liver failure.
C. renal insufficiency.
D. aortic dissection.
19. Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension include:
A. dimming of vision.
B. increased blood pressure.
C. tachycardia.
D. all of the above.
20. All of the following are symptoms of hypertensive urgency EXCEPT:
A. dysarthria.
B. headache.
C. tinnitus.
D. epistaxis.
True/False
1. A reduction in systolic or diastolic blood pressure of 15–20 mmHg is considered hypotension.
True
False
2. Hypertensive urgency is a significant severe rise in blood pressure with target end organ damage.
True
False
3. Patients with hypertension have a 70% increased risk of cerebrovascular accident.
True
False
4. Normal pulse rate is approximately 90–120 beats per minute.
True
False
5. External respiration is the intake of oxygen and elimination of carbon dioxide via the lungs.
True
False
6. Cessation of breathing is termed tachypnea.
True
False
7. Biot’s respirations are characterized by periods of shallow breathing alternating with periods of apnea.
True
False
8. Stridor is a high-pitched sound usually heard on respiration.
True
False
19. A normal adult diastolic reading is 60–80 mmHg.
True
False
Fill in the Blank
1. An irregular pulse is indicative of a/an _________________.
2. Labored breathing is termed _________________.
3. A heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute is _________________.
4. Normal breathing is _________________.
5. _________________ ______________ are an increased depth and rate of respirations over 20 per minute.
6. _________________ may occur in children with extremely high fevers.
7. _________________ is a state in which the individual’s body temperature is below normal range.
8. A normal adult pulse pressure is _________________.
9. The devices used to take a manual blood pressure reading are a stethoscope and a/an _________________.
10. The condition that was formerly known as hypertensive crisis is _________________.
Short Answer
1. Explain the importance of baseline vital signs as it relates to medical emergencies in the dental office.
2. Explain the difference between hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency.
3. State the appropriate treatment for hypertensive urgency.