Marriages And Families 8th Edition By Benokraitis – Test Bank

Marriages And Families 8th Edition By Benokraitis – Test Bank

Chapter 10 Marriage and Communication in Intimate Relationships

10.1 Quick Quiz

1) Which of the following is true of marriage rates in America?
A) Marriage rates are higher among people with college degrees than those without.
B) Marriage rates have been steadily increasing since 1980.
C) Marriage rates among whites are lower than those among blacks.
D) Marriage rates among Latinos are higher than those among whites.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 271
A-head: Is Marriage Disappearing?
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.1 Explain how and why U.S. marriage rates have changed.

2) Which of the following is a typically considered to be a traditional reason for marriage?
A) legitimize a nonmarital birth
B) adult identity
C) desire for children
D) rebellion against parents
Answer: C
Page Ref: 272
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

3) Which of the following is considered a latent reason for getting married?
A) love and companionship
B) social legitimacy
C) children
D) adult identity
Answer: B
Page Ref: 273
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

4) Matthew is of the opinion that a traditional and religious wedding results in a longer and happier marriage compared to a nontraditional simple civil wedding. Which of the following is an accurate statement that weakens Matthew’s argument?
A) National data suggest that divorce rates are higher among people who did not have a traditional wedding when compared to those who had a traditional wedding.
B) Family practitioners emphasize that the wedding can have far-reaching results on the marriage and that traditional weddings have a more positive impact.
C) If couples and their parents go into debt to pay for an elaborate wedding, both groups may experience strained relationships.
D) Most in-laws report that they often feel disrespected and snubbed at nontraditional weddings.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 276
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

5) In a ________ marriage, partners fight, both verbally and physically, but do not believe that fighting is a good reason for divorce. They feel that fighting is an acceptable way to try to solve problems, and they thrive on their incompatibility.
A) vital
B) conflict-habituated
C) devitalized
D) passive-congenial
Answer: B
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

6) Which of the following is a similarity between vital and total marriages?
A) In both vital and total marriages, spouses spend time together more out of obligation than love.
B) In both vital and total marriages, spouses thrive on their incompatibility and believe that feuding is an acceptable way to try to solve problems.
C) In both vital and total marriages, spouses have fewer expectations from each other and lead fairly independent lives.
D) In both vital and total marriages, spouses participate in each other’s lives and share many facets of their lives.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.
7) ________ refers to whether a marriage is intact and whether the spouses have ever suggested divorce to each other.
A) Marital satisfaction
B) Marital stability
C) Marital conflict
D) Marital commitment
Answer: B
Page Ref: 278
A-head: Marital Happiness, Success, and Health
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.4 Explain how marital happiness, marital success, and health are interrelated.

8) In ________, partners negotiate adjustments to their new married roles.
A) identity bargaining
B) role dictation
C) role identifying
D) marital generalization
Answer: A
Page Ref: 284
A-head: Marital Roles
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.5 Describe how couples establish, negotiate, and learn marital roles.

9) James, a graduate student, moved out of his parents’ house for a period of two years. However, he was unable to support himself and decided to move back with his parents. James condition is said to be a part of the ________.
A) Silent Generation
B) Lost Generation
C) boomerang generation
D) baby bloomer cycle
Answer: C
Page Ref: 289
A-head: How Marriages Change throughout the Life Course
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.6 Describe how marriages change throughout the life course.

10) Explain the self-disclosure concept.
Answer: Self-disclosure is telling another person about oneself and one’s thoughts and feelings with the expectation that truly open communication will follow. In exchange theory, reciprocal self-disclosure increases partners’ liking and trusting each other, eliminates a lot of guesswork in the relationship, and helps balance costs and benefits.
Page Ref: 291
A-head: Communication: A Key to Successful Relationships
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.7 Explain how communication, power, and conflict affect a relationship.

10.2 Test Questions

1) Which of the following is a manifest reason for getting married?
A) desire to have children
B) social pressures
C) economic security
D) social legitimacy
Answer: A
Page Ref: 272
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

2) Which of the following is a difference between manifest and latent reasons for getting married?
A) Unlike manifest reasons for getting married, latent reasons emphasize love and companionship.
B) Unlike manifest reasons for getting married, latent reasons include commitment and personal fulfillment.
C) Unlike manifest reasons for getting married, latent reasons are more likely to result in unhappy, short-term marriages.
D) Unlike manifest reasons for getting married, latent reasons are respected and approved by the society.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 272-273
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

3) In the marriage context, the need for commitment and personal fulfillment are considered to be ________.
A) inherent reasons
B) manifest reasons
C) dormant reasons
D) latent reasons
Answer: B
Page Ref: 273
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

4) The formalization of a couple’s decision to marry is called a(n) ________.
A) betrothal
B) nuptial promise
C) wedding shower
D) engagement
Answer: D
Page Ref: 274
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

5) Which of the following is a function of engagements?
A) It gives the couple the chance to strengthen their identities as individuals.
B) It provides couples with the opportunity to copulate legally.
C) It signals that the union is inherently legal.
D) It sends a hands-off message to other interested sexual partners.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 274
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

6) Which of the following is traditionally true of an engagement ring?
A) It symbolizes eternity.
B) It emphasizes that the partners are sexually committed.
C) It indicates that the couple has a child out of wedlock.
D) It indicates the presence of a prenuptial agreement.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 274
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

7) In honor of her impending marriage, Jenna’s female friends and relatives organized a get together in which they presented her with personal and household gifts. This ritual is often referred to as a(n) ________.
A) prenup
B) baby shower
C) engagement
D) bridal shower
Answer: D
Page Ref: 275
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

8) Maria, a wealthy businesswoman, was engaged to Ryan. Before the marriage, Maria’s parents insisted that Ryan should sign an agreement that would absolve Maria from parting with her wealth to Ryan in case of a divorce. Such an agreement is known as a(n) ________.
A) exclusionary clause
B) voidance agreement
C) prenuptial agreement
D) due process clause
Answer: C
Page Ref: 275-276
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

9) Which of the following is true of using a wedding ceremony?
A) It is used to provide authenticity to the engagement ceremony.
B) It legalizes the couple’s ability to adopt children.
C) It is used to justify the bridal shower.
D) It reinforces the idea that the marriage is a permanent bond.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 276
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

10) Megan is of the opinion that prenuptial agreements (prenups) do not serve any purpose and set a pessimistic tone for a marriage and foster a lot of problems. Which of the following is an accurate statement that weakens Megan’s argument?
A) If a contract is executed in a state other than the one in which it was drawn up, the couple will have legal problems enforcing a prenup.
B) People are likely to change over time and the prenups may not reflect the attitude and behaviors of the persons involved.
C) If one partner has considerable assets, a prenup will help make the divorce less complicated.
D) Because men usually are the ones who suffer financially after a divorce, a contract gives them some legal protection.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 276
A-head: Why and How We Marry
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.2 Identify the manifest and latent reasons for getting married and describe some pre-marriage and marriage rituals.

11) Stephen and Molly, a married couple, constantly fight and engage in both physical and verbal abuse. However, they don’t believe that such fights are a reason to obtain a divorce. In this scenario, the couple is involved in a ________ marriage.
A) devitalized
B) conflict-habituated
C) total
D) vital
Answer: B
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

12) When Mike and Julie were first married, they spent much of their time together and had a strong, satisfying sex life. As time passed, they spend less time with each other and more time raising the children, entertaining, or meeting community responsibilities. They did so out of a sense of obligation rather than out of love. Make and Julie’s marriage may be characterized as ________.
A) vital
B) conflict-habituated
C) devitalized
D) passive-congenial
Answer: C
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

13) In a ________ marriage, the partners have a low emotional investment in the marriage and few expectations of each other.
A) passive-congenial
B) total marriage
C) vital marriage
D) conflict-habituated
Answer: A
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

14) Alexander and Marianne are in a passive-congenial marriage. Which of the following statements is most likely to convey their opinion about their marriage?
A) Practicality is more important in a marriage than emotional intensity.
B) Love and affection sustain a marriage; conflicts can always be resolved by compromise.
C) Participating in each other’s lives and making sacrifices for each other.
D) Quarreling and feuding are normal between couples and conflicts over minor issues do occur in a marriage.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

15) In a ________ marriage, the partners’ lives are closely intertwined. They spend a great deal of time together, resolve conflicts through compromise, and often make sacrifices for each other.
A) passive-congenial
B) devitalized
C) total
D) vital
Answer: D
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

16) In a ________ marriage, the partners participate in each other’s lives at all levels and have few areas of tension or unresolved hostility.
A) total
B) utilitarian
C) devitalized
D) passive-congenial
Answer: A
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

17) According to Cuber and Haroff, which of the following is true of a passive-congenial marriage?
A) It is considered a utilitarian marriage.
B) It is characterized by high involvement.
C) It involves high emotional investment.
D) It is considered to be an intrinsic marriage.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

18) According to Cuber and Haroff, which of the following is characterized as an intrinsic marriage?
A) passive-congenial marriage
B) devitalized marriage
C) conflict-habituated marriage
D) total marriage
Answer: D
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

19) Cuber and Haroff characterized devitalized marriages as __________ marriages because it appeared to be based on convenience.
A) utilitarian
B) intrinsic
C) essential
D) active
Answer: A
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

20) Which of the following is a similarity between a conflict-habituated marriage and a devitalized marriage?
A) Both types involve a great deal of verbal and physical violence.
B) Both types involve specific conflicts that are quickly resolved through compromise.
C) Both types involve commitment to staying married.
D) Both types involve a great deal of emotional intensity and affection.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

21) Stan and Lily have been married for over ten years and their lives are closely intertwined. They like to spend a lot of time together and are quick to resolve any disputes that may occur. Also, they are willing to make sacrifices for each other in order to make the marriage work. In this scenario, the couple has a ________.
A) devitalized marriage
B) vital marriage
C) passive marriage
D) congenial marriage
Answer: B
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

22) Couples in a devitalized marriage differ from couples in a vital marriage in that couples in a devitalized marriage ________.
A) participate in each other’s lives at all levels
B) have few areas of tension or unresolved hostility
C) resolve conflicts through compromise
D) spend time together out of obligation rather than love
Answer: D
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

23) Which of the following is a difference between a passive-congenial and a total marriage?
A) Unlike in a passive-congenial marriage, spouses in a total marriage maintain separate activities and interests.
B) Unlike in a passive-congenial marriage, spouses in a total marriage thrive on their incompatibility.
C) Unlike in a total marriage, spouses in a passive-congenial marriage have a low emotional investment in the marriage.
D) Unlike in a total marriage, spouses in a passive-congenial marriage make sacrifices for each other and take interest in each other’s lives.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

24) Couples in total marriages differ from couples in passive-congenial marriages in that couples in a total marriage ________.
A) have a low emotional investment in the marriage
B) have few areas of tension or unresolved hostility
C) thrive on their incompatibility
D) believe that feuding is an acceptable way to try to solve problems
Answer: B
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

25) According to Cuber and Haroff, which of the following is an example of a utilitarian marriage?
A) conflict-habituated marriage
B) vital marriage
C) total marriage
D) intrinsic marriage
Answer: A
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

26) According to Cuber and Haroff, which of the following is an example of an intrinsic marriage?
A) conflict-habituated marriage
B) passive-congenial marriage
C) vital marriage
D) devitalized marriage
Answer: C
Page Ref: 277
A-head: Contemporary Marriages
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 10.3 Compare heterosexual and same-sex marriages and discuss some cross-cultural variations.

27) Which of the following illustrates the difference between intrinsic marriages and utilitarian marriages?
A) Utilitarian marriages tend to be more encompassing than intrinsic marriages.
B) Most marriages in America fall under intrinsic marriages rather than utilitarian marriages.
C) Couples have a higher involvement rate in intrinsic marriages when compared to utilitarian marriages.
D) Partners in intrinsic marriages are less capable in resolving disputes than their counterparts in utilitarian marriages.
Answer: C