Invitation to Psychology 6th Edition by Wade Test Bank

Invitation to Psychology 6th Edition by Wade Test Bank

Chapter 13 – Pop Quiz 1

1. Three major components that psychologists focus on when defining “emotion” are:
a. facial muscles, bodily changes, and stress.
b. physiological changes, cognitive processes, and action tendencies.
c. the alarm phase, the resistance phase, and the exhaustion phase.
d. social rules, cultural rules, and relationship rules.

2. According to Paul Ekman, which of the following is one of the universal facial expressions?
a. agitation
b. fear
c. embarrassment
d. shame

3. Darwin argued that facial expressions of emotion are:
a. biologically irrelevant.
b. learned.
c. maladaptive.
d. innate.

4. According to the concept of facial feedback, when Noah complies with instructions to smile and look happy, it is most likely that:
a. he will be unaffected because he is just pretending to be happy.
b. he will begin to feel angry.
c. his positive feelings will increase.
d. his reaction will depend on his age.

5. In most people, the __________ is specialized for withdrawal or escape.
a. somatic nervous system
b. right prefrontal cortex
c. left prefrontal cortex
d. reticular activating system

6. Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer argued that two factors determine the experience of emotion. The two factors are:
a. cognitive interpretation and cultural influence.
b. physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation.
c. perception and attribution.
d. physiological arousal and cultural rules.

7. Expression of an emotion that the person does not really feel is called:
a. facial feedback.
b. secondary emotion.
c. emotion work.
d. body language.

8. When researchers showed students a series of computer-generated, fairly sex-neutral faces with a range of expressions morphing from angry to happy, the students consistently rated the angry faces as:
a. male.
b. female.
c. the opposite of the student’s own gender.
d. the same as the student’s own gender.

9. As Molly looks at the grade scored in her final exams, she thinks, “I did well on this exam, because my roommate helped me study.” Molly’s thoughts suggest that she has:
a. conscientiousness.
b. a tendency to exert primary control.
c. an internal locus of control.
d. an external locus of control.

10. What is the key characteristic of the Type A personality that is related to heart disease?
a. working hard
b. impatience
c. hostility
d. having high standards

Chapter 13 – Pop Quiz 1
Answer Key

1. b Rationale: The components of emotion are physiological changes in the face, brain, and body; cognitive processes such as appraisals and interpretations of events; action tendencies that spur us to fight or flee, embrace or withdraw; and subjective feeling. (Page 448, Factual, Moderate, LO 13.1, APA 1.1)

2. b Rationale: The seven facial expressions that Paul Ekman found to be universally recognized and expressed are anger, happiness, fear, surprise, disgust, sadness, and contempt. (Page 448, Factual, Moderate, LO 13.2, APA 1.1, 1.2)

3. d Rationale: Darwin argued that facial expressions are innate, and that they evolved because they were adaptive. (Page 448, Factual, Easy, LO 13.2, APA 1.1, 1.2)

4. c Rationale: Facial feedback affects our emotional states, causing us to tend to feel the emotion that is being expressed. (Page 449, Applied, Easy, LO 13.2, APA 1.1, 2.2)

5. b Rationale: Regions of the right prefrontal cortex are specialized for the impulse to withdraw or escape (as in disgust and fear). (Page 451, Factual, Difficult, LO 13.3, APA 1.1, 2.2)

6. b Rationale: Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer argued that the experience of emotion depends both on physiological arousal and on how you interpret and explain that arousal. (Page 455, Factual, Difficult, LO 13.6, APA 1.1, 1.2, 2.2)

7. c Rationale: This is a definition of emotion work. (Page 459, Factual, Easy, LO 13.7, APA 1.1)

8. a Rationale: In Western cultures, both sexes unconsciously associate “angry” with male and “happy” with female. (Page 459, Factual, Moderate, LO 13.8, APA 1.1, 2.2)

9. d Rationale: People with an external locus of control tend to believe that their lives are controlled by luck, fate, or other people, whereas those with an internal locus of control tend to believe that they are responsible for what happens to them. (Page 466, Applied, Moderate, LO 13.13, APA 1.1, 2.1, 2.2)

10. c Rationale: The only factor associated with the Type A personality that is related to heart disease is cynical or antagonistic hostility. (Page 468, Factual, Easy, LO 13.14, APA 1.1, 2.2)

Name __________________________________________________________

Chapter 13 – Pop Quiz 2

1. _________ is a state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes, brain activation, cognitive appraisals, subjective feelings, and tendencies toward action, all shaped by cultural rules.
a. An attribution
b. Emotion
c. Galvanic skin response
d. Body language

2. Paul Ekman and his colleagues gathered evidence supporting the universality of _________ facial
expressions of emotion.
a. five
b. six
c. seven
d. nine

3. When Jose complies with instructions to look angry, it is most likely that:
a. he will be amused to be simulating anger.
b. he will be unaffected because he is just pretending to be angry.
c. his positive feelings will decrease.
d. his reaction will depend on his age.

4. When 1-year-old babies in an experiment were placed on an ambiguous visual cliff and saw an expression of fear on their mothers’ faces, what portion of them crossed the cliff?
a. all of them
b. about three-quarters of them
c. about one-third of them
d. none of them

5. The process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed is called:
a. primary emotional processing.
b. internal emotion work.
c. facial feedback.
d. body language.

6. The ________ quickly assesses danger or threat.
a. prefrontal cortex
b. right hemisphere
c. left hemisphere
d. amygdala

7. Many researchers believe that mirror neurons allow humans to:
a. experience empathy.
b. coordinate complicated motor tasks.
c. develop facial expressions for basic emotions.
d. reverse left-right movements when performing a task in front of a mirror.

8. Which occupation would be more likely to require emotion work as a job requirement?
a. customer service representative
b. accountant
c. architect
d. software analyst

9. ________ is a general expectation about whether the results of your actions are under your own control or not.
a. Optimism
b. Primary control
c. Secondary control
d. Locus of control

10. “It’s too bad my car was damaged by the tree that fell on it during the hurricane, but now I can get that new car I’ve wanted for so long.” This is an example of which coping strategy?
a. reappraising the situation
b. learning from the experience
c. making social comparisons
d. cultivating a sense of humor