Intimate Relationships 2nd Edition by Thomas N. Bradbury – Test Bank

Intimate Relationships 2nd Edition by Thomas N. Bradbury – Test Bank

CHAPTER 10: Understanding Each Other

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. In terms of a relationship knowledge hierarchy, “I have a great relationship” is an example of a ________.
a. concrete observation c. global evaluation
b. mid-level judgment d. lower-order judgment

ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Information Processing
TOP: Information Processing: Linking Experience to Meaning: Information processing
MSC: Conceptual

2. In terms of a relationship knowledge hierarchy, “I met my partner for lunch” is an example of a ________.
a. concrete observation c. global evaluation
b. midlevel judgment d. lower-order judgment

ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Information Processing
TOP: Information Processing: Linking Experience to Meaning: Information processing
MSC: Conceptual

3. In terms of a relationship knowledge hierarchy, “My partner is attractive” is an example of a ________.
a. concrete observation c. global evaluation
b. midlevel judgment d. lower-order judgment

ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Information Processing
TOP: Information Processing: Linking Experience to Meaning: Information processing
MSC: Conceptual

4. Hierarchical knowledge structures that include beliefs about relationships CANNOT explain how:
a. individuals connect observable behaviors with more general or abstract beliefs about their partners and the relationship.
b. the same person can reach different conclusions about the same behavior at different times.
c. qualities that are initially attractive in partners become undesirable over time.
d. individuals have a positive bias about partners’ attributes.

ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Information Processing
TOP: Information Processing: Linking Experience to Meaning: Information processing
MSC: Factual

5. In terms of cognitive processing in relationships, what is a “fatal attraction”?
a. Glenn Close’s character in the movie of the same name
b. a tendency to always pick the wrong relationship partners
c. an attraction to partners who are abusive and physically violent
d. an attraction to qualities that later become a source of irritation

ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Information Processing
TOP: Information Processing: Linking Experience to Meaning: Fatal attraction
MSC: Factual

6. A ________ is a tendency to process information to protect a particular point of view; a ________ is a drive to reach a specific goal.
a. motive; bias c. justification; motive
b. motive; justification d. bias; motive

ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Motivated Reasoning
TOP: Motivated Reasoning: Reaching Desired Conclusions about Relationships
MSC: Factual

7. Bjorn perceives his partner’s intentions in a conflict discussion very differently than they are perceived by outside observers. These differing perceptions can best be explained by:
a. motivated reasoning. c. diagnosticity bias.
b. motivated inaccuracy. d. self-serving bias.

ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: Motivated Reasoning
TOP: Motivated Reasoning: Reaching Desired Conclusions about Relationships
MSC: Applied

8. The text describes several mechanisms of motivated reasoning in relationships. Something that all of these techniques have in common is that they:
a. require direct communication between partners to be effective.
b. allow partners’ initially positive views of their relationships to accommodate new information and experiences.
c. require partners to fool themselves into believing things that are not true.
d. help prevent specific negative experiences from activating more general negative beliefs about the relationship.

ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: Motivated Reasoning
TOP: Motivated Reasoning: Reaching Desired Conclusions about Relationships
MSC: Conceptual

9. Regarding research on biases that individuals who are happy in their relationships have, what is true?
a. Individuals tend to pay extra attention to the negative elements of their relationships.
b. Individuals often view partners’ qualities more negatively than partners view themselves.
c. Individuals believe that their relationships have more positive attributes and fewer negative attributes than the relationships of others.
d. Individuals tend to underestimate the length of their relationships.

ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Enhancement: Believing the Best
TOP: Motivated Reasoning: Reaching Desired Conclusions about Relationships: Enhancement: Believing the best about a relationship MSC: Factual