Inquiry Into Life 16Th Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

Inquiry Into Life 16Th Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

Inquiry Into Life, 16e, Mader

Chapter 9 Plant Organization and Function

1) In roots, which structure(s) increases surface area for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil?

1. A) root hairs
2. B) root cap
3. C) Casparian strip
4. D) vascular cylinder
5. E) zone of elongation

2) You are planning to build a swimming pool in your backyard. How close can you get to the trees in your backyard without disturbing their root structure?

1. A) all the way up to the trunk
2. B) within a foot of the trunk
3. C) up to the crown of the tree
4. D) at least 2–4 times the diameter of the crown of the tree
5. E) at least 10–20 times the diameter of the crown of the tree

3) Most of the water obtained by a plant enters through the

1. A) cambium layer.
2. B) palisade cells.
3. C) root hairs.
4. D) stomata.
5. E) bark.

4) Which of the following is a major function of roots?

1. A) absorb water
2. B) absorb minerals
3. C) produce hormones
4. D) anchor and support the plant
5. E) All of the answer choices describe a major function of the roots.

5) Which of the following is/are a reproductive structure of a plant?

1. A) roots
2. B) stems
3. C) flowers
4. D) leaves
5. E) shoot system

6) As soon as a beautiful plant in your backyard blooms, you remove the flowers. By doing so, you have now inhibited the growth of the plant.

7) Both plants and animals have organs and tissues.

8) The point on a stem to which a leaf or bud is attached is termed the

1. A) bud scale.
2. B) axillary bud.
3. C) node.
4. D) internode.
5. E) lenticel.

9) The stalk that attaches a leaf blade to a stem is a(n)

1. A) bud scale.
2. B) axillary bud.
3. C) node.
4. D) internode.
5. E) petiole.

10) The cells that make up xylem are no longer living.

11) A stem is identified by being aboveground and green.

12) The tendrils that support vining plants are a type of root.

13) Epidermal tissue, ground tissue, and vascular tissue systems are derived from

1. A) sclerenchyma cells.
2. B) vascular cambium.
3. C) cork cambium.
4. D) apical meristem.
5. E) vascular bundles.

14) Which of these associations is correct?

1. A) epidermal tissue—tracheids
2. B) ground tissue—vessel elements
3. C) vascular tissue—parenchyma
4. D) vascular tissue—sieve-tube member
5. E) ground tissue—periderm

15) The function of meristematic tissue is

1. A) production of new tissues.
2. B) protection.
3. C) transport.
4. D) support.
5. E) reproduction.

16) Cells of the ground tissue system are called

1. A) epidermal cells.
2. B) tracheids and vessel elements.
3. C) sieve-tube members and companion cells.
4. D) periderm and cork cells.
5. E) parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells.

17) Plant vascular tissue contains

1. A) collenchyma and lignin.
2. B) xylem and phloem.
3. C) epidermis and cuticle.
4. D) periderm and cork.
5. E) parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells.

18) Ancient trees, like those found in the redwood forest, have achieved their maximum height and will not grow any taller.

19) What organic substance makes the walls of sclerenchyma cells tough and hard?

1. A) suberin
2. B) stomata
3. C) trichomes
4. D) cuticle
5. E) lignin

20) Sugars are conducted through plant tissues by the

1. A) xylem.
2. B) phloem.
3. C) epidermis.
4. D) trichomes.
5. E) procambium.

21) An aphid is an insect that has mouthparts to sip plant sap. When placed on an herbaceous stem, it soon has its mouthparts embedded and is withdrawing plant sap. What layer of cells has the aphid’s mouthparts tapped?

1. A) xylem
2. B) phloem
3. C) parenchyma
4. D) trichomes
5. E) collenchyma

22) The fibers that get stuck between your teeth when you eat celery are

1. A) sclerenchyma.
2. B) meristems.
3. C) trichomes.
4. D) parenchyma.
5. E) collenchyma.

23) Which of these associations is correct?

1. A) epidermal cell—gas exchange
2. B) stomata—cell division
3. C) sclerenchyma cells—sugar transport
4. D) sieve-tube members—protection
5. E) xylem cells—water transport

24) Which cells are relatively unspecialized and correspond to a generalized plant cell?

1. A) epidermal
2. B) tracheid
3. C) parenchyma
4. D) sclerenchyma
5. E) meristem

25) Xylem tissue contains

1. A) vessel elements and tracheids.
2. B) sieve-tube members and companion cells.
3. C) apical meristem.
4. D) epidermis and ground tissue.
5. E) parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells.

26) Which cell found in phloem tissue has a nucleus?

1. A) vessel element
2. B) tracheids
3. C) sieve-tube member
4. D) guard cell
5. E) companion cell

27) Which association is correct?

1. A) vessel element—phloem
2. B) guard cells—epidermis
3. C) parenchyma—vascular tissue
4. D) sieve-tube member—bark
5. E) cuticle—xylem

28) In lab, your instructor gives you a plant and asks you to identify a tissue where the cells lack a nucleus. Which tissue will you identify?

1. A) companion cells
2. B) parenchyma cells
3. C) sieve-tube members
4. D) epidermis
5. E) meristem

29) Some plant leaves and stems are covered with hairs.

30) Monocots differ from eudicots in that monocots have

1. A) two cotyledons in the seed.
2. B) leaf veins that are parallel.
3. C) flower parts in 4s or 5s.
4. D) stem vascular bundles in a distinct ring.
5. E) phloem in a root located between areas of xylem.

31) The iris is a plant with long, sword-like leaves. Its flowers have six petals that form a tongue and “flags.” When you cut through the stem to cut flowers for a bouquet arrangement, the many vascular bundles form tough “strings” throughout the stem. From this description, it is obvious that the iris is a

1. A) woody plant.
2. B) combination of monocot and eudicot traits.
3. C) monocotyledon.
4. D) eudicotyledon.
5. E) primitive plant that has not yet evolved to have either monocot or eudicot features.

32) You need to identify a plant but it is winter and the leaves, flowers, fruits, are not available. Your best clue to whether it is a monocot or a eudicot is to

1. A) inspect the stem for woody bark since only eudicots have woody tissue.
2. B) determine if there is an apical meristem at the tip of the plant, which indicates it is a monocot.
3. C) determine if the roots lack phloem and xylem, which indicates a monocot.
4. D) cut the stem and if the vascular bundles are scattered in the stem, it is a monocot.
5. E) cut the stem and if the vascular bundles are in a distinct ring, it is a monocot.

33) Which of the following is a monocot?

1. A) dandelion
2. B) oak tree
3. C) maple tree
4. D) palm tree
5. E) rose

34) The waxy material known as the Casparian strip is found on

1. A) the cuticle.
2. B) xylem vessels.
3. C) the vascular cambium.
4. D) endodermal cells.
5. E) epidermal cells.

35) The tissue in a root that functions in food storage is the

1. A) epidermis.
2. B) endodermis.
3. C) cortex.
4. D) vascular cylinder.
5. E) Casparian strip.

36) Your task in laboratory is to find cells that have projections which function to increase surface area for absorption of water and minerals. Which of the following slides would you use to find these cells?

1. A) eudicot woody stem slide
2. B) leaf slide of monocot or eudicot
3. C) monocot stem slide
4. D) root slide showing root cap
5. E) root slide showing zone of maturation

37) Entrance of minerals into the vascular cylinder of a eudicot root are regulated by the

1. A) cortex.
2. B) epidermis.
3. C) endodermis.
4. D) pericycle.
5. E) root hairs.

38) A cross section through the zone of maturation of a root would show

1. A) cells of the root cap.
2. B) the apical meristem.
3. C) transport tissues.
4. D) greatly elongated, undifferentiated cells.
5. E) dividing cells.

39) Which of the following statements describes the arrangement of tissues in the eudicot root?

1. A) Vascular bundles are randomly scattered throughout the cortex.
2. B) The vascular bundles are located in a ring right under the root epidermis.
3. C) The pericycle is the inner layer of cells in the vascular cylinder.
4. D) The star-shaped phloem is located in the center of the vascular cylinder, with xylem arranged between the arms of the phloem.
5. E) The Casparian strip is a waxy lining that borders all four sides of the endodermal cells.

40) Root hairs are found in which area of the root?

1. A) zone of maturation
2. B) zone of elongation
3. C) zone of cell division
4. D) apical meristem
5. E) root cap

41) If the pericycle was missing, how would this affect a plant?

1. A) There would be no branch roots.
2. B) There would be no root hairs.
3. C) There would be no xylem and phloem.
4. D) The meristem would not be present.
5. E) The root would not be able to store starches.

42) The layer that makes the Casparian strip waterproof is made of

1. A) meristem.
2. B) cuticle.
3. C) suberin and lignin.
4. D) plasmodesmata.
5. E) cork.

43) Which of the following is the correct sequence of zones in a longitudinal section of a root, starting from the bottom?

1. A) zone of cell division → zone of elongation → zone of maturation
2. B) zone of cell division → zone of maturation → zone of elongation
3. C) zone of maturation → zone of elongation → zone of cell division
4. D) zone of maturation → zone of cell division → zone of elongation
5. E) zone of elongation → zone of maturation → zone of cell division

44) Parasitic plants have specialized roots for invading a host plant’s tissues. What are these roots called?

1. A) adventitious
2. B) taproots
3. C) mycorrhizal
4. D) fibrous
5. E) haustoria

45) Beans, peas, and other legumes have root nodules that are caused by ________ and have the role of ________.

1. A) bacteria; taking up and reducing atmospheric nitrogen
2. B) bacteria; improving the extraction of water and minerals from the soil
3. C) fungi; storing food for the plant in the fungal bodies
4. D) fungi; improving the extraction of water and minerals from the soil
5. E) fungi; taking up and reducing atmospheric nitrogen

46) If you wanted to find mycorrhizae, what part of the plant would be the best place to look?

1. A) leaves
2. B) stem
3. C) flower
4. D) roots
5. E) xylem and phloem

47) Mycorrhizae assist plants by

1. A) taking up and reducing atmospheric nitrogen.
2. B) improving the extraction of water and minerals from the soil.
3. C) storing food for the plant in the fungal bodies.
4. D) increasing vegetative reproduction.
5. E) acquiring oxygen for cellular respiration in root tissues.

48) If you had a problematic hillside that continually eroded when it rained, plants with which type of roots would best solve your problem?

1. A) adventitious
2. B) taproots
3. C) mycorrhizal
4. D) fibrous
5. E) haustoria

49) Only leaves carry out photosynthesis.

50) Primary growth of a stem is due to the activity of the vascular cambium.

51) You can tell the age of a stem by counting the bud scale scars.

52) When a plant grows upward, the distance between the internodes increases in length.

53) Wood is composed of

1. A) cork.
2. B) cork cambium.
3. C) secondary phloem.
4. D) secondary xylem.
5. E) sieve-tube members.

54) A gladiolus plant grows from a ________.

1. A) stolon
2. B) bulb
3. C) rhizome
4. D) corm
5. E) tuber