Inquiry Into Life 15Th Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

Inquiry Into Life 15Th Edition By Sylvia Mader – Test Bank

Chapter 11

Human Organization

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT a basic type of tissue?
   A. muscular
   B. nervous
   C. urinary
   D. epithelial
   E. connective

Urinary is not a type of tissue.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

2. Simple squamous epithelium has
   A. a single layer of cube-shaped cells.
   B. a single layer of column-shaped cells.
   C. a single layer of flat cells.
   D. many layers of flat cells.
   E. many layers of cube-shaped cells.

Simple means that there is a single layer. Squamous means that the cells are flat.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

3. Which of the following tissue types would line the mouth?
   A. muscular
   B. connective
   C. epithelial
   D. nervous
   E. glandular

Epithelial tissue covers surfaces and lines body cavities.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 11.01.02 Identify the common locations of each tissue type in the human body.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

4. Which type of tissue contains cells close together and connected to a basement membrane?
   A. hyaline cartilage
   B. elastic cartilage
   C. muscle tissue
   D. nerve tissue
   E. epithelial tissue

Epithelial tissue consists of tightly packed cells that form a continuous layer. A basement membrane usually joins the epithelium to underlying connective tissue.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

5. Which type of tissue has cube-shaped cells and lines kidney tubules?
   A. hyaline cartilage
   B. nerve tissue
   C. columnar epithelium
   D. cuboidal epithelium
   E. squamous epithelium

Epithelial tissue covers surface and lines body cavities. Cube-shaped cells are called cuboidal.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

6. What type of epithelium contains thin, flat cells stacked upon each other?
   A. simple squamous
   B. stratified squamous
   C. simple cuboidal
   D. statified cuboidal
   E. simple columnar

Thin, flat cells are called squamous. Cells that are piled one on top of another are classified as stratified.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

7. Glands that secrete their products into ducts are classified as
   A. serous glands.
   B. mucous glands.
   C. endocrine glands.
   D. exocrine glands.
   E. salivary glands.

Glands that secrete their product into ducts are called exocrine glands. Those that secrete their product into the blood stream are endocrine glands. The others are more specific types of glands.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

8. Epithelial tissue can be modified to
   A. store fat.
   B. perform absorption.
   C. receive stimuli.
   D. move body parts.
   E. carry impulses.

The surface area of epithelial tissue can be modified to perform absorption. The other choices belong to connective, nervous, or muscular tissue.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

9. Which two types of tissue come together to make a “basement membrane”?
   A. muscle and connective
   B. connective and nervous
   C. nervous and epithelial
   D. epithelial and connective
   E. nervous and muscle

A basement membrane usually joins an epithelium to underlying connective tissue.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

10. Which statement is NOT true about epithelial tissue?
    A. Epithelial tissue helps to protect the body from bacterial invasion.
    B. Epithelial tissue can be glandular.
    C. Epithelial tissue can be found lining the tubules of the kidney.
    D. Epithelial tissue may contain column-shaped cells.
    E. Epithelial cells have spaces between them.

Epithelial cells are tightly packed cells that form a continuous layer.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

11. Which of the following tissues may be specialized to secrete mucous?
    A. epithelial
    B. connective
    C. muscle
    D. nervous
    E. cartilage

Epithelial tissue can be modified to secrete a product such as mucous.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

12. Which of the following tissues is INCORRECTLY matched with a function?
    A. epithelial—capillary lining
    B. connective—storage of fat
    C. muscle—protection from pathogens
    D. nervous—integration of data
    E. connective—production of blood cells

Muscle moves body parts. The blood (connective tissue) provides protection from pathogens.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

True / False Questions

13. A tight junction forms an impermeable barrier between two cells.
    TRUE

The adjacent plasma membrane proteins actually join, forming an impermeable barrier.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

Multiple Choice Questions

14. The urine in your bladder is unable to pass out of the bladder through its epithelial lining. Which type of junction exists between these cells?
    A. tight junction
    B. There is no special junction between these cells.
    C. basement membrane
    D. gap junction
    E. adhesion junction

Tight junctions form a barrier that is impermeable to liquid.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

15. Which of the following associations is NOT correct?
    A. collagen—white fibers
    B. elastin—yellow fibers
    C. large matrix—epithelial tissue
    D. muscle—contraction
    E. nerve—impulse conduction

Connective tissue cells are widely separated by a matrix. Epithelial cells form a continuous layer.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

16. Which is NOT a correct association?
    A. adhesion junctions—skin
    B. adhesion junctions—bladder
    C. gap junctions—stomach
    D. tight junctions—intestines
    E. tight junctions—bladder

Gap junctions form when two adjacent plasma membrane channels join. This lends strength to the membrane. Tight junctions are impermeable to liquid while adhesion junctions are found in flexible tissues.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

17. Which type of junction permits small molecules to pass between two cells?
    A. desmosome
    B. tight junction
    C. gap junction
    D. striations
    E. cross junction

A gap junction is permeable to ions, sugars, and small molecules.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.02 Identify the common locations of each tissue type in the human body.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

18. Collagenous and elastic fibers are found in what type of tissue?
    A. epithelial
    B. muscle
    C. nerve
    D. connective
    E. simple squamous

Connective tissue contains a matrix often with collagen, reticular, or elastic fibers.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

19. Muscles are connected to bones by
    A. nerve tissue.
    B. epithelial tissue.
    C. ligaments.
    D. tendons.
    E. a basement membrane.

Tendons connect muscle to bone. Ligaments connect bone to bone.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.02 Identify the common locations of each tissue type in the human body.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

20. Which tissue lacks a direct blood supply and heals very slowly?
    A. bone
    B. cartilage
    C. muscle
    D. epithelial tissue
    E. nerve

Because cartilage lacks a direct blood supply, it heals very slowly.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

21. The tissue that has a white, translucent appearance and is found at the ends of long bones is called
    A. hyaline cartilage.
    B. fibrocartilage.
    C. elastic cartilage.
    D. compact bone.
    E. dense fibrous connective tissue.

Hyaline cartilage has a white, translucent appearance and is found at the ends of long bones and ribs.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.02 Identify the common locations of each tissue type in the human body.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

22. Which function is NOT correctly matched to its type of tissue?
    A. Adipose tissue stores fat.
    B. Reticular connective tissue produces blood cells.
    C. Connective tissues bind organs together and provide support and protection.
    D. Loose, fibrous connective tissue encloses internal organs, including muscles.
    E. Dense connective tissue is muscle that contracts.

Connective tissue is not muscle tissue.

Bloom’s Level: 4. Analyze
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

23. Which is NOT a correct description of cartilage?
    A. Hyaline cartilage is white and translucent and found at the ends of long bones.
    B. Hyaline cartilage contains only very fine collagen fibers.
    C. Fibrocartilage contains strong collagen fibers.
    D. Fibrocartilage forms the nose.
    E. Elastic cartilage forms the flexible outer ear.

Fibrocartilage forms the pads between the vertebrae in the back and the wedges in the knee joint. Hyaline cartilage forms the nose.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

24. What tissue is found in pads between the vertebrae?
    A. bone
    B. elastic cartilage
    C. fibrocartilage
    D. hyaline cartilage
    E. stratified squamous epithelial tissue

Fibrocartilage forms the pads between the vertebrae in the backbone.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.02 Identify the common locations of each tissue type in the human body.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

25. What type of bone contains numerous bony plates separated by irregular spaces?
    A. compact
    B. spongy
    C. marrow
    D. elastic
    E. fibrous

Spongy bone contains numerous bony bars and plates, separated by irregular spaces.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

26. Bone
    A. is made of only a hard matrix of inorganic (mainly calcium) salts.
    B. lacks the collagen fibers found in cartilage.
    C. is lacking blood vessels and canaliculi that deliver nutrients.
    D. is built by bone cells called osteons.
    E. is formed by concentric rings of bone cells in canaliculi.

Bone contains cells and collagen fibers as well as matrix and is laden with blood and canaliculi to provide nutrients. An osteon is the cylindrical structural unit of the bone that forms concentric rings. Bone cells are located in spaces called lacunae.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

27. What is the name of the cavity that contains the bone cells themselves?
    A. osteons
    B. fibrocartilage
    C. lacunae
    D. central canals
    E. adipose

Bone cells are located in spaces called lacunae between the rings of matrix.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

28. Which is NOT a true statement about the blood component?
    A. Red blood cells provide the major transport for oxygen.
    B. Blood contains a matrix of collagen fibers made by cells.
    C. Platelets are not complete cells.
    D. White blood cells either engulf disease organisms or form antibodies for immunity.
    E. Plasma makes up slightly over half of human blood volume to provide a liquid in which blood solids can flow.

Blood is unlike other types of connective tissue in that the matrix (plasma) is not made by the cells.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

29. Name the tissue in which the cells are separated by a liquid.
    A. cartilage
    B. nerve
    C. blood
    D. muscle
    E. bone

The matrix in blood is a liquid called plasma.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

30. Some very important persons such as Japanese Emperor Hirohito and China’s Premier Zhou Enlai were kept alive during their last days by many transfusions of blood. Without knowing further details of their ailments, which of the following functions most likely provided the most significant contribution to keeping them alive?
    A. oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying capacity
    B. supplement of hormone levels
    C. provision of organic nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and fats
    D. provision of albumin and fibrinogen
    E. provision of immune antibodies

Each of the other components could be provided in a manner other than a transfusion. However, the oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying capacity could only be delivered by a transfusion of red blood cells.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

31. Which are cell fragments that help initiate blood clotting?
    A. erythrocytes
    B. leukocytes
    C. platelets
    D. osteocytes
    E. fibroblasts

Platelets are responsible for blood clotting. They are pieces of a larger cell that is broken apart.

Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 11.01.03 Explain how the cells that make up various types of tissues are specialized to perform their functions.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

32. Which type of muscle is involuntary and lacks striations?
    A. skeletal
    B. smooth
    C. cardiac
    D. triceps
    E. the heart

Both smooth muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells are under involuntary control but only smooth muscle lacks striations.

Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 11.01.01 List the four major types of tissues found in the human body, and describe the structural features of each.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues

33. The muscle group in your upper arm is composed of what type of muscle tissue?
    A. skeletal muscle
    B. smooth muscle
    C. cardiac muscle
    D. both cardiac and skeletal
    E. adipose

The muscle group in your upper arm is a type of skeletal muscle. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. Adipose is a type of fat tissue.

Bloom’s Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 11.01.02 Identify the common locations of each tissue type in the human body.
Section: 11.01
Topic: Animal Tissues