Information Systems Essentials International Edition 6th Edition by George Walter Reynolds – Test Bank

Information Systems Essentials International Edition 6th Edition by George Walter Reynolds – Test Bank

Ch 07: Knowledge Management and Specialized Information Systems

TRUE/FALSE

1. A study found that a consulting firm was able to earn greater than 1000% return on its knowledge management system.

ANS: T PTS: 1

2. Many organizations actively attempt to convert tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge.

ANS: T PTS: 1

3. Secretaries, administrative assistants, bookkeepers, and similar data-entry people are often called data workers.

ANS: T PTS: 1

4. Many groups use patents, copyrights, trade secrets, Internet firewalls to keep prying eyes from seeing important knowledge that is expensive and hard to create.

ANS: T PTS: 1

5. Data mining and business intelligence are seldom used to capture the knowledge stored in a knowledge management system.

ANS: F PTS: 1

6. No computer has passed the Turing Test that attempts to determine whether the responses from a computer with intelligent behavior are indistinguishable from responses from a trained, laboratory monkey.

ANS: F PTS: 1

7. Although computers excel at numerical calculations, they are even better at dealing with symbols and three-dimensional objects.

ANS: F PTS: 1

8. A perceptive system allows a machine to approximate the way a person sees, hears, and feels objectives.

ANS: T PTS: 1

9. Computerized AI chess software can “learn” to improve while playing human competitors.

ANS: T PTS: 1

10. Research is ongoing to directly connect the human brain and have human thought control computer activities.

ANS: T PTS: 1

11. Expert systems, robotics, vision systems, natural language processing, learning systems, and neural networks are all part of the broad field of artificial intelligence.

ANS: T PTS: 1

12. Research is ongoing to develop a robotic suit to help paraplegics and stroke victims move so they can perform basic functions.

ANS: T PTS: 1

13. Neugents are neural intelligence agents that “learn” patterns and behaviors and predict what will happen next.

ANS: T PTS: 1

14. Reinforcement learning is a learning system involving sequential decisions with learning taking place in between each decision.

ANS: T PTS: 1

15. As of this time, there are no practical business applications of the genetic algorithm problem solving approach.

ANS: F PTS: 1

16. A genetic algorithm can be used to search the vast resources of the Internet to find information on any topic.

ANS: F PTS: 1

17. A neural network uses heuristics, or rules of thumb, to arrive at a conclusion or make suggestions.

ANS: F PTS: 1

18. Disadvantages associated with expert systems are that they can be difficult, expensive, and time consuming to develop.

ANS: T PTS: 1

19. Expert systems cannot be used at a number of different locations at the same time by different sets of users.

ANS: F PTS: 1

20. A new knowledge base must be built for each new expert system application.

ANS: T PTS: 1

21. An expert system can use cases to develop the solution to a problem by finding cases stored in the knowledge base that are similar to the problem at hand and then modifying the solution to the cases to fit the current problem.

ANS: T PTS: 1

22. An expert system, using the knowledge acquisition facility, can indicate all the facts and rules that were used in reaching the conclusion.

ANS: F PTS: 1

23. After entering the appropriate attributes, the knowledge acquisition facility correctly stores information and relationships in the knowledge base, making the knowledge base easier and less expensive to set up and maintain.

ANS: T PTS: 1

24. The user interface makes an expert system easier to both develop and use.

ANS: T PTS: 1

25. For over 20 years, expert system shells have been available to lessen the burden of programming, allowing nonprogrammers to develop and benefit from the use of expert systems.

ANS: T PTS: 1

26. Software for expert systems development has evolved greatly since 1980, from traditional programming languages to expert system shells.

ANS: T PTS: 1

27. The technology used to create 3D movies is now being used to help design products and in 3D TV.

ANS: T PTS: 1

28. On the Internet, Java applets and animated GIF files can be used to create moving images.

ANS: T PTS: 1

29. Analog and older digital formats need not be converted into a newer digital format before they can be edited and processed by today’s multimedia software.

ANS: F PTS: 1

30. One limitation of virtual reality systems is that they enable just one user at a time to move and react in a computer simulated environment.

ANS: F PTS: 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ____ knowledge is hard to measure and document and typically is not objective or formalized.

a.

Tacit

c.

Implicit

b.

Explicit

d.

Shared

ANS: B PTS: 1

2. The ____ is a top-level executive who helps the organization work with a knowledge management system to create, store, and use knowledge to achieve organizational goals.

a.

CIO

c.

CKO

b.

CEO

d.

COO

ANS: C PTS: 1

3. After knowledge is created, it is typically stored in a ____________________.

a.

data warehouse

c.

traditional data database

b.

knowledge repository

d.

all of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1

4. At the initial artificial intelligence conference at Dartmouth College in 1956, many AI pioneers predicted that computers would be as “smart” as people by the ____.

a.

1960s

c.

early 21st century

b.

1980s

d.

late 21st century

ANS: A PTS: 1

5. For many businesses, robots are used to do the three Ds, dull, dirty, and ____.

a.

dingy

c.

dangerous

b.

dynamic

d.

devastating

ANS: C PTS: 1

6. ____ involves converting sound waves into words.

a.

Natural language processing

c.

Learning systems

b.

Voice recognition

d.

None of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1

7. ____ is a combination of software and hardware that allows a computer to change how it functions or reacts to situation based on feedback it receives.

a.

Robotics

c.

Learning systems

b.

Natural language processing

d.

Neural networks

ANS: C PTS: 1

8. ____ can process many pieces of data at the same time and learn to recognize patterns.

a.

Voice recognition systems

c.

Learning systems

b.

Neural networks

d.

Natural language processing systems

ANS: B PTS: 1

9. The genetic algorithm approach is based on the theory of evolution that requires (1) variation and (2) ____.

a.

gradual changes over time

c.

natural selection

b.

large, complex problems

d.

none of the above

ANS: C PTS: 1

10. The ____ is NOT a key component of an expert system.

a.

explanation facility

c.

knowledge base acquisition facility

b.

user interface

d.

data warehouse

ANS: D PTS: 1

11. The ____ stores all relevant information, data, rules, cases, and relationships that the expert system uses.

a.

data warehouse

c.

inference engine

b.

inference engine

d.

knowledge base

ANS: D PTS: 1

12. In an expert system, the ____ is the component that delivers the expert advice.

a.

explanation facility

c.

user interface

b.

knowledge acquisition facility

d.

inference engine

ANS: D PTS: 1

13. The ____ allows the expert system user to understand how the system arrived at its results.

a.

inference engine

c.

knowledge base

b.

explanation facility

d.

knowledge acquisition facility

ANS: B PTS: 1

14. The expert system knowledge acquisition facility serves as an interface between ____.

a.

the end users and inference engine

c.

the decision makers and the knowledge base

b.

the system developers and explanation facility

d.

experts and knowledge base

ANS: D PTS: 1

15. The ____ is the person or group with the expertise or knowledge the expert is trying to capture.

a.

knowledge engineer

c.

domain expert

b.

knowledge user

d.

system developer

ANS: C PTS: 1

16. ____ were early programming languages developed for and used in artificial intelligence applications.

a.

FORTRAN and Pascal

c.

Pascal and PROLOG

b.

LISP and PROLOG

d.

COBOL and FORTRAN

ANS: B PTS: 1

17. Graphic images can be stored in a variety of formats including ____.

a.

MP3 and MPEG

c.

ISDB and DVB

b.

JPEG and GIF

d.

none of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1

18. ____ is an audio file format.

a.

MP3

c.

MIDI

b.

WAV

d.

All of the above

ANS: D PTS: 1

19. When video files are played while being downloaded from the Internet, it is called ____.

a.

illegal downloading

c.

copyright violation

b.

video streaming

d.

all of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1

20. ____ is a file conversion program that can be used to compress multimedia files to make them easier to download from the Internet or send as an e-mail attachment.

a.

Apple Quick Time

c.

Grass Valley

b.

CorelDraw

d.

WinZip

ANS: D PTS: 1

21. The haptic interface, relays the sense of ____ in the virtual world.

a.

sight

c.

taste

b.

sound

d.

touch

ANS: D PTS: 1

22. ____ has the potential to superimpose digital data over real photos do that GPS maps can be combined with real pictures of stores and streets to help you locate your position.

a.

Immersive virtual reality

c.

Telepresence

b.

Augmented reality

d.

Location reality

ANS: B PTS: 1

23. Special purpose systems that help overcome disabilities or improve health are called ____.

a.

health systems

c.

forensics software

b.

assistive technology

d.

none of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1

24. ____ tags contain small chips with information about products or packages that can be quickly scanned to perform inventory control or trace a package as it moves through the supply chain.

a.

Smart sensor

c.

RFID

b.

Infrared

d.

None of the above

ANS: C PTS: 1

25. ____ involves the use of information systems to develop competitive strategies for people, organizations, or even countries.

a.

Informatics

c.

Assistive technology

b.

Game theory

d.

All of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1

COMPLETION

1. ____________________ knowledge is objective and can be measured and documented.

ANS: Explicit

PTS: 1

2. ____________________ workers are people who create, use, and disseminate knowledge.

ANS: Knowledge

PTS: 1

3. Some organizations and professions use ____________________ to create, store, and share knowledge.

ANS: communities of practice

PTS: 1

4. Using a knowledge management system begins with locating the organization’s knowledge often using a ____________________ that points the knowledge worker to the needed knowledge.

ANS: knowledge map

PTS: 1

5. John McCarthy proposed the use of the term ____________________ to describe computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain.

ANS: artificial intelligence

PTS: 1

6. The ability to learn for experiences and apply knowledge acquired from those experiences, handle complex situations, solve problems when important information is missing, be creative and imaginative is considered to be ____________________.

ANS: intelligent behavior

PTS: 1

7. For some decisions, people use ____________________ which are rules of thumb arising from experience.

ANS: heuristics

PTS: 1

8. A(n) ____________________ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to an experienced and well trained worker.

ANS: expert

PTS: 1

9. ____________________ is the development of mechanical or computer devices that perform tasks requiring a high degree of precision or that are tedious or hazardous for humans.

ANS: Robotics

PTS: 1

10. A(n) ____________________ system consists of hardware and software that stores knowledge and makes inferences, similar to those of a human expert.

ANS: expert

PTS: 1

11. ____________________ allows a computer to understand and react to statements and commands made in a “natural” language, such as English.

ANS: Natural language processing

PTS: 1

12. ____________________ is a process where the computer makes a decision, analyzes the results, and then makes a better decision based on the analysis.

ANS: Dynamic programming

PTS: 1