Identities and Inequalities Exploring the Intersections of Race, Class, Gender, & Sexuality 3rd Edition by David Newman – Test Bank

Identities and Inequalities Exploring the Intersections of Race, Class, Gender, & Sexuality 3rd Edition by David Newman – Test Bank

Chapter 06

Inequalities in Economics and Work

True / False Questions

1. Historically, the U.S. military has accurately reflected the population at large.
   FALSE

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Topic: Underprivilege and Overprivilege: Financial Imbalances in Everyday Life

2. Global imbalances will cease to exist because there are fewer natural resources and manpower in developing countries.
   FALSE

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Topic: Underprivilege and Overprivilege: Financial Imbalances in Everyday Life

3. Non-citizen immigrants can serve in the U.S. military, thereby shortening the waiting period to become a citizen.
   TRUE

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4. Almost half the world’s wealth is owned by just 1% of the global population.
   TRUE

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5. Global economic dominance is today most often accomplished through direct force.
   FALSE

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Topic: Underprivilege and Overprivilege: Financial Imbalances in Everyday Life

6. High-paying jobs are very likely to be plentiful in the future, enabling the college-educated to work in areas for which their education trained them.
   FALSE

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7. The income gap between the richest and poorest segments of the U.S. population has been growing steadily over the past few decades.
   TRUE

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8. Wealth accumulates over generations.
   TRUE

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9. The proportion of poor people over the age of 65 has increased since 1970.
   FALSE

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10. Illegal immigrants do not actually play a vital role in the U.S. economy.
    FALSE

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11. Nowhere in the United States does a full-time, minimum wage job provide enough income to afford adequate housing.
    TRUE

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12. Getting out of poverty is not simple, because it is a complicated condition with multiple causes and multiple consequences.
    TRUE

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13. We will soon live in a society with a perfectly equal distribution of income and wealth.
    FALSE

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14. In the U.S., we are always free to choose any occupation that appeals to us.
    FALSE

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Topic: On the Job: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality in the Workplace

15. More than two-thirds of low-income people work.
    TRUE

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16. Many single poor women with children remain unmarried because they have come to the rational conclusion that marriage would actually make their lives more difficult.
    TRUE

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17. In today’s society, sexual orientation, like other suspect categories like race, enjoys explicit federal protections from discrimination.
    FALSE

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Topic: On the Job: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality in the Workplace

18. Due to corporate protections, 90% of gay, lesbian, and bisexual employees nationwide have chosen to reveal their sexuality at work.
    FALSE

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19. Some gays and lesbians believe that discrimination increases as they climb the corporate ladder.
    TRUE

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20. Racial discrimination often occurs as part of the taken-for-granted rules of doing business.
    TRUE

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Multiple Choice Questions

21. In the early 1980s, corporate executives earned $42 for every $1 earned by the average production worker. By 2014, that figure had increased to:
    A.$373.
    B. $250.
    C. $200.
    D. $100.

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22. Which of the following statements is true of the American middle class of the current generation?
    A.They primarily composed of individuals without a college degree.
    B. They have fewer opportunities to get ahead than the middle class of the previous generations.
    C. They have higher job security than the middle class of the previous generations.
    D. They have no disposable income.

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23. Homosexual people lack virtually any legal protection in _____ states in the United States.
    A.25
    B. 48
    C. 20
    D. 16

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24. According to the text, liberal critics of affirmative action are most likely to focus on the programs’ failure to change the:
    A.lives of people for whom affirmative action policies were originally designed.
    B. reliance on unfair quotas.
    C. perception that Blacks are lazy.
    D. perception that affirmative action is demeaning to those it is supposed to help.

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25. Which of the following statements is true of the role of affirmative action in college admissions?
    A.Children are bused to schools within their neighborhoods to increase school segregation.
    B. Top U.S. colleges are beginning to accept lesser students of color than ever before.
    C. College admissions officers are not compelled to institute quotas to meet affirmative action goals.
    D. College admissions officers are required to give special preference to children of alumni.

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26. Women’s wages don’t measure up to men’s in traditionally male occupations, and women are more likely than men to face subtle obstacles to promotion to a management position, a phenomenon sometimes called the _____.
    A.glass escalator
    B. glass ceiling
    C. leftover effect
    D. gender neutralization

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27. Students in medical, law, and other professional schools who are from upper and upper-middle class backgrounds seem to have an easier time “fitting in.” According to the text, this is most likely due to:
    A.normal, natural, and acceptable differences in how they were prepared for medical school.
    B. subtle forms of bias that can marginalize and alienate those who don’t belong.
    C. overt attempts to keep women and Blacks out of these professional settings.
    D. working-class students expressing more overt resentment in these professional settings.

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28. Poor women are often judged harshly for not living up to the ideology of what it means to be a good mother, yet at the same time the governmental programs that aid them:
    A.force them to place their parent roles above their work roles.
    B. force them to place their spousal roles above their work roles.
    C. force them to place their educational attainment above their parent roles.
    D. force them to place their work roles above their parent roles.

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29. According to Kathryn Edin’s work, many poor single mothers themselves don’t see marriage as the solution to their economic problems because:
    A.the men that are available to them do not meet their criteria for marriage.
    B. many of them are radical feminists.
    C. most want to maintain their welfare eligibility.
    D. their values are very different from the normative mainstream.

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30. About _____ of African American children under 18 live in poverty.
    A.41%
    B. 51%
    C. 38%
    D. 65%

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