Human Physiology From Cells to Systems 9th Edition By Sherwood – Test Bank

Human Physiology From Cells to Systems 9th Edition By Sherwood – Test Bank

1. ​Why is a relatively large percentage of blood (in excess of need) sometimes directed to the skin?

a.

​to eliminate wastes

b.

​to eliminate heat

c.

​to pick up nutrients

d.

​to cleanse the blood

e.

​to produce vitamin D

ANSWER:

b

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.1 Patterns and Physics of Blood Flow

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.HUPH.SHER.16.10.1.1 – Explain why reconditioning organs receive blood flow in excess

2. ​What are the three blood reconditioning organs?

a.

​large bowel, spleen, kidneys

b.

​large bowel, spleen, skin

c.

​stomach, kidneys, skin

d.

​digestive organs, kidneys, skin

e.

​digestive organs, spleen, bone marrow

ANSWER:

d

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.1 Patterns and Physics of Blood Flow

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.1.1 – Explain why reconditioning organs receive blood flow in excess

3. ​Flow rate of blood through a vessel is inversely proportional to:

a.

​vascular resistance

b.

​vascular gradient

c.

​pressure gradient

d.

​pressure back flow

e.

​vessel strength

ANSWER:

a

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.1 Patterns and Physics of Blood Flow

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.1.2 – Specify the relationship between blood flow, pressure gradient, and resistance

4. ​The major determinant of resistance to blood flow is the:

a.

​percentage of red blood cells

b.

​blood’s pH level

c.

​blood vessel’s strength

d.

​blood vessel’s percentage of smooth muscle

e.

​blood vessel’s radius

ANSWER:

e

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.1 Patterns and Physics of Blood Flow

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.1.2 – Specify the relationship between blood flow, pressure gradient, and resistance

5. ​The factors that affect flow rate through a vessel are integrated within what law?

a.

​Poiseuille’s law

b.

​Pascal’s law

c.

​Cushing’s law

d.

​laws of thermodynamics

e.

​law of gravity

ANSWER:

a

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.1 Patterns and Physics of Blood Flow

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.1.2 – Specify the relationship between blood flow, pressure gradient, and resistance

6. ​Approximately how many arterioles are there in the average human body?

a.

​10,000

b.

​50,000

c.

​500,000

d.

​5 million

e.

​10 billion

ANSWER:

c

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.2 Arteries

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.2 – Summarize the two specific tasks of the arteries

7. ​What is the inner most layer of an artery made of?

a.

​connective tissue

b.

​smooth muscle

c.

​endothelium

d.

​elastin fibers

e.

​collagen fibers

ANSWER:

c

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.2 Arteries

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.2 – Summarize the two specific tasks of the arteries

8. ​What provides arteries with tensile strength?

a.

​elastin fibers

b.

​collagen fibers

c.

​glucosamine

d.

​smooth muscle

e.

​valves

ANSWER:

b

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.2 Arteries

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.2.1 – Discuss how arterial pressure fluctuates

9. ​The maximum pressure exerted in the arteries is when blood is ejected into them during:

a.

​inhalation

b.

​exhalation

c.

​exercise

d.

​diastole

e.

​systole

ANSWER:

e

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.2 Arteries

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.2.1 – Discuss how arterial pressure fluctuates

10. ​While measuring blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, where is the stethoscope placed?

a.

​beneath the radial artery

b.

​above the brachial plexus

c.

​over the ulnar

d.

​over the brachial artery

e.

​over the radial artery

ANSWER:

d

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.2 Arteries

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.2.2 – Explain the use of a sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure

11. ​The extent of contraction of arteriolar smooth muscle depends on the cytosolic concentration of what element?

a.

​iron

b.

​phosphorus

c.

​potassium

d.

​magnesium

e.

​calcium

ANSWER:

e

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.3 Arterioles

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.3 – Describe arterioles as the main resistance vessels in the vascular tree

12. ​Vasoconstriction is associated with:

a.

​decreased sympathetic nervous system stimulation

b.

​increased oxygen levels and myogenic activity

c.

​increased carbon dioxide and nitric oxide levels

d.

​decreased oxygen levels and myogenic activity

e.

​decreased endothelin and nitric oxide levels

ANSWER:

b

DIFFICULTY:

Bloom’s: Remember

REFERENCES:

10.3 Arterioles

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

HUPH.SHER.16.10.3 – Describe arterioles as the main resistance vessels in the vascular tree